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  3. 共用题干 第一篇“Don' t Drink Alone" Gets New MeaningIn what may be bad news for b...

共用题干 第一篇“Don' t Drink Alone" Gets New MeaningIn what may be bad news for b...

admin2020-12-24  5
问题 共用题干
第一篇

“Don' t Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning

In what may be bad news for bars and pubs,a European research group has found that people drinking
alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those who
drink with food.Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking patterns of 1,500 patients from
four cancer studies and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer.
After the researchers accounted for the amount of alcohol consumed,they found that individuals who
downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in
the oral cavity（口腔）,pharynx（咽）,and esophagus（食管）,when compared with people who drank only
at meals.Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal
cancer（喉癌）."Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites traced to smoking or drinking by the study
volunteers,"Dal Maso says.The discouraging news,his team reports,is that drinking with meals didn't
eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.
For their new analysis,the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups,based on
how many drinks they reported having in an average week.The lowest-intake group included people who
averaged up to 20 drinks a week.The highest group reported downing at least 56 cups of alcohol weekly for
an average of eight or more per day.Cancer risks for the mouth and neck sites rose steadily with consumption
even for people who reported drinking only with meals.For instance,compared with people in the lowest
group,participants who drank 21 to 34 alcohol cups a week at least doubled their cancer risk for all sites
other than the larynx.If people in these consumption groups took some of those drinks outside meals,those
in the higher consumption group at least quadrupled（四倍）their risk for oral cavity and esophageal cancers.
People in the highest-consumption group who drank only with meals had 10 times the risk of oral
cancer,7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer,and 16 times the risk of esophageal cancer compared with
those who averaged 20 or fewer drinks a week with meals.In contrast,laryngeal cancer risk in the high-in-
take,with-meals-only group was only triple that in the low-intake consumers who drank with meals.
"Alcohol can inflame（使发炎）tissues. Over time,that inflammation can trigger cancer."Dal Maso
says. He suspects that food reduced cancer risk either by partially covering digestive-tract（消化道）tissues
or by taking alcohol off those tissues.He speculates that the reason laryngeal risks were dramatically lower
for all study participants traces to the tissue's lower exposure to alcohol.
选项 Which of the four cancers has the lowest risk?
A:Oral cancer.
B:Laryngeal cancer.
C:Pharyngeal cancer
D:Esophageal cancer.
答案B
解析由文章第一段第一句话可知空腹喝酒的人要比进餐时喝酒的人更容易在口腔和脖子 部位患癌症，故选C。
题干问：下面哪一项不是关于“进餐时喝酒”的研究结果？A项对应文章第一段第一句 话，可参考31题解析。B项和C项对应文章第二段最后一句话“The discouraging news, his team reports, is that drinking with meals didn' t eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.”由文章第 二段第二句话“Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal cancer.”可知D项错误，故选D。
由文章第三段第二句话“The lowest-intake group included people who averaged up to 20 drinks a week.”故选B。
文章第四段的第一句和第二句是由连接词in contrast连接的两个句子。in contrast表达 的是句间的反比关系。第一句说明酒精消费量最大的一组，患其他三种癌症的几率与低酒精 摄人量组相比，分别是他们的10倍、7倍和16倍，而第二句告诉我们，相比之下，其患喉癌的几 率只是另一组的3倍（triple)。故B是正确选项。
由文章最后一段最后一句话可知进餐时喝酒的人患喉癌的几率最小是因为喉部器官 组织接触酒精的面积最少。故选A。第二篇 本文主要讲述了阿司匹林作为一种止痛药，它的发明及畅销过程，以及发现它可以治疗心脏 病发作的事情。
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