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  3. 共用题干 第二篇Communications RevolutionCyberspace,data superhighway,multi-media一fo...

共用题干 第二篇Communications RevolutionCyberspace,data superhighway,multi-media一fo...

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问题 共用题干
第二篇

Communications Revolution

Cyberspace,data superhighway,multi-media一for those who have seen the future,the linking of computers
television and telephones will change our lives forever. Yet for all the talk of a forthcoming technological
utopia little attention has been given to the implications of these developments for the poor. As with all new
high technology,while the West concerns itself with the"how",the question of"for whom"is put aside
once again.
Economists are only now realizing the full extent to which the communications revolution has affected the
world economy.Information technology allows the extension of trade across geographical and industrial
boundaries,and transnational corporations take full advantage of it.Terms of trade,exchange and interest
rates and money movements are more important than the production of goods.The electronic economy made
possible by information technology allows the haves to increase their control on global markets一with destruc-
tive impact on the have-nots.
For them the result is instahiTity.Dcveioping countries which rely on the production of a small range of
goods for export are made to feel like small parts in the international economic machine.As"futures"are
traded on computer screens,developing countries simply have less and less control of their destinies.
So what are the options for regaining control?One alternative is for developing countries to buy in the
latest comnputers arid telecommunications themselves一so-called"development communications"moderniza-
tiori. Yet this leads to long-term dependency and perhaps permanent constraints on developing
countries' economies.
Communications technology is generally exported from the U.S.,Europe or Japan;the patents,skills
and ability to manufacture remain in the hands of a few industrialized countries.It is also expensive,and im-
ported products and servoces must therefore be bought on credit一credit usually provided by the very coun-
tries vhose companies stand to gain.
Furthermore,when new technology is introduced there is often too low a level of expertise to exploit it
for native development.This means that while local elites,foreign communities and subsidiaries of transna-
tional corporations may benefit,those whose lives depend on access to the information are denied by it.
选项 The development of modern communications technology in developing countries may________.
A:force them to reduce their share of exports      
B:cost them their economic independence
C:hinder their industrial production       
D:cause them to lose control of their trade
答案B
解析文章第一段谈到，西方发达国家在网络空间、数字高速公路、多媒体等高技术方面迅猛发展的同时，他们对贫困国家的发展却并不重视二文章第二段第一句话进一步指出，电子经济使得发达国家进一步控制全球市场，从而给贫困国家造成了毁灭性的影响。第三段和第四段接着谈到贫困国家在发展电讯事业方面对发达国家的长期依赖使得本国经济受到长期的约束。由此可推断，选项B符合题意。
根据第一段第二句话，“……对于贫穷国家的发展，他们没有给予关注……”，由此可见，选项A与题意相符。
根据第二段的最后一句话和第三段以及第四段，我们可以看到，毁灭性影响表现之一是经济上的不稳定，之二是发展中国家无法掌握自己的命运，发达国家对高科技的垄断抑制了发展中国家的经济。所以选项B与题意相符。
根据第四段的第二句和第三句话，可以看到，如果发展中国家选择发展通讯现代化的话，就会导致他们长期地依赖发达国家，并给自己国家的经济发展带来永远的制约。由此可见，选项B与题意相符。
本题问及作者对通讯革命所持的态度。作者在文章中多处指明，高新技术在给发达国家带来巨大利益的同时，却未能使贫穷国家摆脱贫困地位。相反的，它给贫穷国家带来的是毁灭性的影响。由此我们可以推断出作者对此事持批评态度。因此本题正确答案为。
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