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  3. 共用题干 Traffic Jams-No End in Sight1 Traffic congestion（拥堵）affects people thro...

共用题干 Traffic Jams-No End in Sight1 Traffic congestion（拥堵）affects people thro...

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问题 共用题干
Traffic Jams-No End in Sight
1 Traffic congestion（拥堵）affects people throughout the world.Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world.In the U.S.,commuters（通勤人员）spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams,according to the Texas Transportation Institute.While alternative ways of getting around are available,most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience,comfort and prhacy.
2 The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing,whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day.In theory,if the toll is high enough,some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.And in practice it seems to work:Singapore,London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centers thanks to congestion pricing.
3 Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flexitime,which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour.Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars.Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute(work from home)so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.
4 Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets.But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road;they only accommodate more of them.
5 Other,more forward-thinking,planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day,and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment.For this reason,the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technologies.But environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.
选项 TheU.S.government has planned to______updating public-transport systems.
A:reduce traffic jams
B:spend more money
C:drive around
D:travel regularly
E:go by bus
F:encourage more private cars
答案B
解析第一段前两句都表明，交通拥堵影响着全世界人民。紧接着以美国为例，对此进一步进行解释。由此可知，本段主要讲述的是交通拥堵这个全球性的难题。
第二段首句提到了对在特定时间进人特定区域的车辆征收费用这种控制交通量的方法、紧接着从理论上和实践上对此方法进行了说明。由此可知，本段主要讨论的就是征收通行费这种减少交通拥堵的方法。
第三段开头就提到了另一个减少交通高峰期的交通量的方法，即安排灵活的上班时间，以便雇员避开交通高峰期。随后又对此进一步进行了解释。由此可知，第三段主要讲的就是改变工作惯例这种方法。
第四段提到，部分城市规划者认为应该建造更多的公路，以便缓解交通拥堵，不过这种方法并不会减少交通量。由此可知，本段主要讲的就是这种并不能解决问题的解决方法。
根据第一段最后一句“While alternative ways of getting around are available , most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience , comfort and privacy.”可知，大多数人认为开车出行比较方便。
根据第二段第二句“In theory ; if the toll is high enough,some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.”可知，本题答案为E。
根据第四段第一句“…the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads …”可知，建造更多公路是为了减少交通堵塞，尽管这并不能减少交通量。由此可知，答案为A0
根据第五段第二句“For this reason , the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transport systems and upgrade them with more efficient technolgies.”可知，美国政府决定增加资金投人来升级公共交通系统。由此可知，答案为B。
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