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  3. 共用题干 第一篇Gross National HappinessIn the last century,new technology improved ...

共用题干 第一篇Gross National HappinessIn the last century,new technology improved ...

admin2020-12-24  3
问题 共用题干
第一篇

Gross National Happiness

In the last century,new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries.However,one
country resisted these changes.High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia,the kingdom of Bhutan remained
separate. Its people and Buddhist（佛教）culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan,
however,was a poor country.People died at a young age.Most of its people could not read,and they did not
know much about the outside world.Then,in 1972,a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck de-
cided to help Bhutan to become modern,but without losing its traditions.
King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas.He saw that most countries measured their progress
by their Gross National Product(GNP).The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products
sold increases,people say the country is making progress.King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan.
He wanted to measure his country's progress by people's happiness.If the people's happiness increased,
the king could say that Bhutan was making progress.To decide if people were happier,he created a measure
called Gross National Happiness(GNH).
GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness.People are happier if they have health care,
education,and jobs.They are happier when they live in a healthy,protected environment. They are happier
when they can keep their traditional culture and customs.Finally,people are happier when they have a
good,stable government.
Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan.People are healthier and are living longer.
More people are educated and employed.Twenty-five percent of the land has become national parks,and the
country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their
ancient Buddhist customs.Bhutan has also become a democracy.In 2008,King Wangchuck gave his power
to his son.Although the country still had a king,it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had
political parties and political candidates for the first time.Finally,Bhutan has connected to the rest of the
world through television and internet.
Bhutan is a symbol for social progress.Many countries are now interested in Bhutan's GNH.These
countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness.They want to create new policies that take
care of their people,cultures,and land.
Brazil may be the next country to use the principles of GNH.Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH
as a source of inspiration.Brazil is a large country with a diverse population.If happiness works as a measure
of progress in Brazil,perhaps the rest of the world will follow.
选项 Apart from modernizing Bhutan,what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?
A:To make its population grow.
B:To keep its traditions and customs.
C:To keep it separate from the world.
D:To encourage its people to get rich.
答案B
解析由文章第一段倒数第一句“a new ruler named King Jigme Wangchuck decided…” 可知，Jigme Singye Wangchuck是一位国王，故选A。
由文章第一段倒数第一句“King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to be- come modem,but without losing its traditions”可知，国王Jigme Singye Wangchuck 决定要使自己 的国家实现现代化外还要保留自己的传统习俗，故选B。
由文章第二段第四句“When the number ofproducts sold increases,peoples say the country is making progress.”可知，对于用GNP（国民生产总值）衡量进步的国家而言，当生产的产品销 售量增加时，这个国家才算是有所进步，故选D。
由文章的第三段内容可知，CNH是以能够产生幸福感的事物衡量的。A、C、D三项的 内容都不包含在这些标准之中，故选C。
由文章倒数第二段的内容可知，许多国家都对不丹王国的国民幸福总值（GNH）很感兴 趣，并在研究各自衡量幸福的标准。这些国家并未采用GNH，也没有通力合作，形成国民幸福 指数的指标；同时也没效仿不丹和巴西的实例，故选D。第二篇 本篇文章列举了人类向大自然的生物学习所发明的实例，从而说明了仿生学在生活中的重 要性。
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