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  3. The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. A...A

The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. A...A

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问题 The Best Way to Reduce Your Weight
You hear this: "No wonder you are fat. All you ever do is eat." You feel sad: "I skip my breakfast and supper. I run every morning and evening. What else can I do?" Basically you can do nothing. Your genes, not your life habits, determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.
Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that, "80 percent of the children of two obese (肥胖的) parents become obese, as compared with no more than 14percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight."
How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting? Well, dieting can be effective, but the health costs are tremendous. Jules Hirsch, a research physician at Rockefeller University, did a study of eight fat people. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day. After more than 10 weeks, the subjects lost 45ka on average. But after leaving the hospital,they all regained weight. The results were surprising: by metabolic (新陈代谢的) measurement, fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving. They had psychiatric problems. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet. They were anxious and depressed; some were suicidal. They hid food in their rooms. Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesn't result in normal weight, but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.
Thin people, however, suffer from the opposite. They have to make a great effort to gain weight. Ethan Sims, of the University of Vermont, got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight. In four to six months, they ate as much as they could. They succeeded in increasing their weight by 5 to 25 percent. But months after the study ended they were back to normal weight and stayed there.
This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight. It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight. The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true--each person has a comfortable weight range. The range might be as much as 9kg. Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort. But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult. The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.

In Ethan Sims study, the subjects were asked to（）
选项 A.stay in prison.
B.eat as much as they could.
C.battle their genetic inheritance.
D.lower their weight.
答案B
解析细节题。题干：在Ethan Sims的研究中，被试者被要求____ 。利用题干关键词Ethan Sims可以定位到文章第四段“Ethan Sims，of the University of Vermont，got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight．In four to six months．they ate as much as they could．”，意为“Ethan Sims从犯人中招募志愿者研究如何让瘦人增加体重。在四到六个月的时间里，受试者吃尽可能多的食物”。所以，选项B“尽可能多吃”为正确答案。
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