2. 金融经济
  3. Offering expert advice B. Conducting research C. Managing property D. Buil...

Offering expert advice B. Conducting research C. Managing property D. Buil...

admin2020-12-24  53
问题 Offering expert advice
B. Conducting research
C. Managing property
D. Building private homes
Questions80-84 refer to the following advertisement.
We all know that lack of sleep affects our memory, along with other cognitive abilities. Sittingin the office, sleep deprived, it’s difficult to remember your own name, let along theever-lengthening to-do list.
  But now new research shows that not getting enough sleep increases the chances your mind will actually create false memories. The study, published in Psychological Science, allowed one group of participants to get a full night’s sleep, while another had to stay up all night. In the morning they were given a series of photos that were supposed to show a crime being committed. Next, both groups were given some eyewitness statements about the crime. Like many witness statements in real-life crimes, the details were different to those shown in the photographs. For example, in
one instance the photo showed a thief putting a wallet in his jacket, but in the witness statement it said he put it in his pants （that’s ‘trousers’ for British people, not his underwear!）. Afterwards, they were asked what they had seen in the original photographs. The results showed that those who’d missed out on their sleep were the most likely to regurgitate the false eyewitness statements they’d just read, rather than remembering the ‘true’ crime-scene photos they’d been
shown moments beforehand.
The lack of sleep had messed with their heads to the extent that all the evidence — right and wrong — had got mixed up.
One of the study’s authors, Kimberly Fenn, said:” People who repeatedly get low amounts of sleep every night could be more prone in the long run to develop these forms of memory distortion. It’s not just a full night of sleep deprivation that puts them at risk.” Indeed, a preliminary study they carried out found that getting just five hours sleep was enough to cause people to start manufacturing false memories.

What is the independent variable in the study?
选项 A. The memory distortion
B. The short-term memory
C. The amount of sleep
D. The ability to recall long list
答案C
解析定位到文章第二段可知，在试验的过程中，两组人的睡眠时间是不一样的。第一组是有充分的睡眠，而第二组是熬了一整夜，而结果是记忆力的好坏是受了睡眠时间的影响：记忆力的好坏随着睡眠时间的长短的变化而变化，所以这里的自变量是睡眠的时间的差异。
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