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  3. 共用题干 About End-of-Life CareDying patients are happier,less depressed,have le...

共用题干 About End-of-Life CareDying patients are happier,less depressed,have le...

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问题 共用题干
About End-of-Life Care

Dying patients are happier,less depressed,have less pain and survive longer when their end-of-life care wishes are known and followed,researchers report.
This type of patient-centered care can also help keep health costs down________(51)patients who don't want aggressive treatment,the University of California,Los Angeles (UCLA) research team said.
"You can improve care while________(52)cost by making sure that everything you do is centered on what the patients want,what his or her specific goals are and tailor a treatment plan to ensure we_________(53)the specific care he or she wants,"Dr. Jonathan Bergman,a clinical scholar and fellow in the urology department,said in a university news release.
__________(54)many cases,dying patients are given aggressive treatments that don't help them and_________(55)higher costs.
Patients who want__________(56)care should receive it,but many don't want it and haven't been_________(57)about their wishes,according to Bergman and colleagues,who are testing patient-centered care__________(58)cancer patients.
To change the situation,doctors need to be educated about patient-centered care,the researchers said. They also_________(59)that changes to Medicare should be considered.But this is a highly controversial topic that has been sidelined after recent suggested changes were characterized as creating"death panels".
"Given the disproportionate cost of care at the very________(60)of life,the issue should be revisited,"Bergman and colleagues wrote."We should address goals of care,not to___________(61)aggressive care to those who want it,but to ensure that we deliver aggressive care only to those who__________(62).This reduces costs and improves outcomes."
The study authors noted that,according to the results of a 2004 study,30 percent of Medicare dollars are________(63)on the 5 percent of beneficiaries who die each year,and one-third of the costs in the final year of life_________(64)during the final month.
Previous research has shown that patient-centered care can reduce the costs in the last week of life________(65)36 percent and that patients who receive such care are less likely to die in an intensive care unit.
选项 _________(65)
A:from       
B:on
C:below       
D:by
答案D
解析for"为了······”。这句话的意思是为那些不想进行积极治疗的病人降低医疗成本开支。
reducing“减少，降低”。上一段已指出这样做可以降低成本，A、B、D的意思与文章相反。
provide“提供”。这句话的意思是量身定制一个治疗方案来保证我们提供给他想要的具体关怀。
in many cases是固定搭配，意思是“在很多情况下”。
result in“导致，造成”。没有A选项和C选项这样的固定搭配，D的意思是“由······引起”。
positive“积极的”。这句与上文中的aggressive和下面段落中的aggressive 是同样的意思，即便不清楚aggressive的意思，也可以从上下文意思中可以分析出来，这句想说希望得到积极治疗的病人应该得到这样的治疗。
asked在句中用的是被动语态，意为“被询问，被过问” 这句话的意思是很多病人不希望积极治疗，而且没有人问过他们的意愿。A选项“怀疑”,B选项“猜测”,C选项“要求”，都不太符合这里的意思。
on“在······上”。这句话的意思是伯格曼和其同事正在癌症患者身上测试以病人为中心的关怀。
suggested在这里用的是过去式，意为“建议”。这句话的意思是研究员们还建议，应该考虑改进医疗保险机制。B选项“知道”'C选项“承诺”,D选项“决定”，都与上下文意思不符。
end“终点”。这句话根据上下文可以推测出想表达的意思是“在临终前”。
deny“拒绝，拒绝给予”。这句话的意思是不拒绝希望获得积极治疗的人。 A、B、C意思不符。
do这里代表的是“want it"。 C选项don't意思相反。are和is都是be动词的变形。这里want是实义动词，代替实义动词应该用do。
spent是spend的被动语态，意思是“花悄，花费”。这句话的意思是每年 30％的医疗保险费花费在5％的受益人身上。C选项意为“浪费”，含贬义，这里没有说钱花在临终病人身上就是浪费，应选择中性词。
happen“发生，产生”。这句话的意思是生命最后一年的1/3的成本开支是在最后一个月发生的。
by的用法很多，其中一个用法是表示增减的幅度。这句话的意思是在生命最后一周降低36％的成本。
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