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  3. 共用题干 第一篇There are many ways of defining success.It is accurate to say that e...

共用题干 第一篇There are many ways of defining success.It is accurate to say that e...

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问题 共用题干
第一篇

There are many ways of defining success.It is accurate to say that each of us has our own concept of success to the extent that each of us is responsible for setting our own goals and determining whether we have met these goals satisfactorily.Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities,it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly.
For some people,simply being able to live their life with a minimum of misery and suffering is considered a success.Think of the peace of mind of the poor shepherd who tends his sheep,enjoys his frugal life with his family in the beauty of nature,and who is respected because he does a good job of achieving the goals expected of and accepted by him and his society.On the other hand,it seems that even though some people appear to be rich in material possessions,many of them seem to be miserable and consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success. Because not all ventures can be successful,one should not set unrealistic goals for achieving suecess,but if one has self-confidence it would be unfortunate to set one's goals at too low a level of achievement.
A wise counselor once said to a young man who was experiencing frustration with his own professional success:"You do not have to set your goal to reach the moon in order to have success in traveling. Sometimes one can be very successful merely by taking a walk in the park or riding the subway downtown."The counselor added,"You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like,and to which you have given your best effort."
选项 The word "frugal" (Line 3,Para.2)means_________.
A:wealthy       
B:wasteful
C:thrifty       
D:miserable
答案C
解析推断题。根据第一段最后一句：Because each of us possesses unique differences in genetic ability and favorable environments in which to express these abilities,it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly．由于每个人天赋有所不同，而且所拥有的可以使这种天赋得以实现的有利环境也因人而异，确实应该对成功做一个广义的定义。该句话暗示取得成功的主要因素就是能力和环境。因此正确答案选C。
词义推断题。thrifty“节约的”; wealthy“富有的”; wasteful“浪费的”; miserable“可怜的，悲惨的”。根据该句中…poor shepherd...enjoy his frugal life…以及后一句话中的 On the other hand ,...appear to be rich....seem to be miserable…通过对照来说明财富并不是评判成功的标准。贫穷的牧羊人虽然生活节俭但很享受，而有钱人却过着自认为悲惨的生活。
细节题。根据第二段第三句：...some people appear to be rich in material possessions，…consider themselves unsuccessful when judged by their own standards of success．有的人似乎物质上很富裕，可是按照他们自己对于成功的判断标准来看，他们却并不认为自己成功。由此可知，有些富人之所以觉得自己不成功就是因为他们按照自己对于成功的标准来判断。因此正确答案选D。
推断题。最后一段最后一句：The counselor added,"You have not really failed and spoiled your chances for success until you have been unsuccessful at something you really like , and to which you have given your best effort.”这位咨询人员补充道：除非你已经尽力而为但没有做成自己特别喜欢的事情，否则你并没有失败，也没有减少成功的概率。由此可以推断：只有已经尽力而为但没有做成自己喜欢的事情才是失败，只要是尽力做好自己喜欢的事情就是成功。因此正确答案选D。
主旨题。根据第一段第一句：There are many ways of defining success．和最后一句：...it is necessarily true that we must define success broadly．可知本文主要内容即成功的定义。第二段主要通过举例子的方式来说明成功的定义可以很宽泛。最后一段则是通过一位咨询人士之口来暗示出：只要尽最大的努力去做自己喜欢的事情就是成功。因此正确答案选A。
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