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共用题干 Smoking can Increase Depressive Sy

Freeti2019-12-17  44
问题 共用题干Smoking can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens

While some teenagers may use cigarettes to "self-medicate"（自我治疗）against the blues（忧郁）,sci-
entists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually
______________
(51)depressive symptoms in some teens.
"This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived ______________(52)benefits of
smoking among teens,"says lead researcher Michael Chaiton,a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco
Research Unit of the University of Toronto."_______________(53)cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating
effects or to improve mood,in the long_______________(54)we found that teens who started to smoke reported
higher depressive symptoms."
As part of the study,some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use
of cigarettes to ______________
(55)mood.Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and
English participants,urban and rural schools,and schools ______________(56)in high,moderate and low so-
cioeconomic neighbourhoods.
Participants were divided into three
______________ (57):never smokers;smokers who did not use ciga-
rettes to self-medicate,improve mood or physical
______________ (58);smokers who used cigarettes to self-
medicate.Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how often participants felt too tired
to do things;had
______________ (59)going to sleep or staying asleep;felt unhappy,sad,or depressed;felt
hopeless about the future;felt anxious or tense;and worried too much about things.
" Smokers who used cigarettes as mood
______________( 60 ) had higher risks of elevated（提升）depres-
sive symptoms______________ (61)teens who had never smoked,"says co-researcher Jennifer O'Loughlin,a
professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine."Our study found that
teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are_______________(62)higher risk of developing
depressive symptoms."
The______________ (63)between depression and'smoking exists______________(64)among teens that use
cigarettes to feel better."It's ______________(65)to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher
among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke,"says Dr. Chaiton.
选项 _________(51)A:diagnoseB:increaseC:examineD:treat
答案B
解析由前后两句的转折关系可知，抽烟不是减轻忧郁，而是加重（increase）了忧郁的症状。 由第五段的最后一句话中的“emotional benefits”可知选emotional合适。 由前后两句语境可知此处表示转折关系，四个关联词只有B项合适。 in the long term意为“长期”，为固定搭配。 抽烟只能影响（affect）情绪，而不是其他的反应。 schools located意为“学校坐落在……”，其他选项不符合句意。 由下文可知，参加者是被分成三组（groups)。 mood or physical state意为“精神或身体状况”，为常用搭配。 have trouble doing sth.意为“做……有困难”，为固定短语。 mood improver意为“情绪改善者”，符合语境。 由前面的“higher”可知此处是比较级，所以用than。 at risk为固定词组，意为“有风险”;at higher risk意为“有更大的风险”。 在忧郁和抽烟之间只有“联系”(association)，而不是“合作”、“不同”与“一致”。 这种抽烟和忧郁的联系主要存在于抽烟感觉好的青少年中，由句意知选B。 由动词不定式后面强调的内容可知，此处是强调其重要性，所以选A。
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