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What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that ...

admin2020-12-24  15
问题 What makes a person a scientist? Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others? The answer is “no”. It is not the tools a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that make him a scientist. You will probably agree that knowing how to use a power is important to a carpenter. You will probably agree, too, that knowing how to investigate, how to discover information, is important to everyone. The scientist, however, goes one step further, he must be sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed by other persons. He also works to fit the answer he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.
The scientist’s knowledge must be exact. There is no room for half right or right just half the time. He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit. What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times. If the conditions are different, any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions. This is one reason that investigations are important in science. Albert Einstein, who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematics. The accuracy of this mathematics was later tested through investigations, Einstein’s ideas were shown to be correct. A scientist uses many tools for measurements. Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations.
选项 3、A sound scientific theory should be one that _______.
A. works not only under one set of conditions at one time, but also under the same conditions at other times
B. does not allow any changes even under different conditions
C. can be used for many purposes
D. leave no room for improvement
答案A
解析这是一道细节题。本题询问“什么样的科学理论才能算是正确的科学理论呢？”。文章第二段中谈到“What works under one set of conditions at one time must work under the same conditions at other times.”。这句话就是围绕着科学理论的准确性展开表述的，即：同一条件下，如果在某一时间起作用，那么在其他时间也应该起作用。经过对比分析，我们确定答案应该选择A。
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