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  3. 共用题干 The Gene IndustryMajor companies a

共用题干 The Gene IndustryMajor companies a

昕玥2019-12-17  30
问题 共用题干The Gene Industry
Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology.They dream of placing enzymes（酶）in the automobile to monitor exhausts and send data on pollution to a microprocessor（微处理机）that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York
Times calls “metal-hungry microbes（渴望吃金属的微生物）that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water”.They have already demanded and won the right to patent new lifeforms.
Nervous critics,including many scientists,wony that there is corporate,national,intema- tional , and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological（生物工艺学）field. They create images not of oii spills,but of“microbe spills”that could spread disease and destroy entire pop- ulations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes,however,is only one cause for alarm.Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination.
Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay,thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain?Should we biologi- cally alter workers to fit the job requirement,for example,creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us?Should we attempt to eliminate“inferior”people and breed a“super-race”?(Hitler tried this,but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories.)Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate“unfit”babies?Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves,each of us having,as it were,a“savings bank”full of spare kidneys,livers or hands?
Wild as these notions may sound,every one has its advocates(and opposers)in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application.As two critics of genetic engineering,
Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard,state in their book Who Should Play God?“Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines,automobiles,vaccines,computers and all the other technologies.As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical,a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.”
选项 According to the passage,the exhaust from a car engine could probably be checked byA: using metal-hungry microbesB: making use of enzymesC: adjusting the engineD: patenting new lifeforms
答案B
解析文章第一段第二句说“They dream of placing enzymes(酶) in the automobile to monitor exhaust … adjust the engine.”人们梦想把酶放入汽车来监控排气量并向微机传送污染数据，以便调整发动机的转速。B项说用“酶”，因而是正确的。 文章第二段中“They create images not of oil spills , but of “ microbe spills”that could spread diseases and destroy entire populations.”他们设想的不是石油的泄漏，而是“微生物泄漏”，而微生物的泄漏能传播疾病，甚至摧毁全民。只要对这句话稍加分析，就可推出正确答案应是D“ The unexpected release of destructive microbes”。 从第三段中第一句话“Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs…”，可排除C项，从第四句话“Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting?”，可排除B项，从第六句话“ Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves?”可排除A项。这里只有选项D项没有提及，所以选项D符合题目要求。 第三段中“Should we attempt to eliminate ‘ inferior'people and breed a ‘super-race'?(Hitler tried this,but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laborato-ries.)”所以，正确答案应是C。 Jeremy Rilkin和Ted Howard的话是这么说的：“Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines,automobiles,vaccines , computers and all the other technologies.”如同装配线、汽车、疫苗、计算机，以及其他所有的技术一样，大规模的基因工程有可能引入美国。由于技术的成熟必定形成商业化，因此可以推断A项所说的“基因工程在商业的应用不可避免。”所以正确答案应是A。
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