共用题干 Urbanization and Its InfluenceOver half the world's people now live in...

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问题 共用题干
Urbanization and Its Influence

Over half the world's people now live in cities.The latest"Global Report on Human Settlements"says a significant change took place last year. The report________(51)this week from U.N.Habitat,a United Nations agency.
A century ago,________(52)than five percent of all people lived in cities.________(53) the middle of this century it could be seventy percent,or ________(54)six and a half billion people.
Already three一fourths of people in________(55)countries live in cities.Now most urban population________(56)is in the developing world.
Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress,but also put________(57)on cities to provide housing and________(58).The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move________(59)cities and towns each day.It says worsening inequalities,________(60)by social divisions and differences in________(61),could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.
Another issue is urban sprawl(无序扩展的城区).This is where cities _________ (62) quickly into rural areas,sometimes________(63)a much faster rate than urban population growth.
Sprawl is common in the United States. Americans move a lot.In a recent study,Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the________(64)cities to smaller ones.He sees a________(65)toward"de-urbanization"across the nation.

选项 _________(51)
A:came on       
B:came over
C:came off       
D:came out

答案D

解析come out:出版、发表;come on:开始、接着来;come over:过来、顺便来访;come off:结果、脱落。这里指发表报告。所以选D。
这句话的意思是:一个世纪前,世界人口应该是非常少。所以选less,即少于5%。
along:沿着;through:通过、穿过。表示时间的节点用by。“by the middleof this century”,意思是“到本世纪中叶”。
barely:几乎不、几乎没有。表示大约的人口数,用“almost”,差不多。
前面应该是和后面的比较,后面用“developing world”,所以此处填“ developed” .flourishing:繁荣的、茂盛的;thriving:旺盛的、蒸蒸日上的;fertile:肥沃的、富饶的、多产的。
从上下文判断,这里指城市人口的增加。extension:扩展;raise:上升、加薪,它不和population搭配使用。addition:添加、增加,不可用来修饰人口,所以选growth。
“put pressure on”是固定搭配,表示“给压力”; restraint:约束、抑制;load: 承载,负荷;weight:重量。
此处指提供住所和服务,即service。 surroundings:环境、生活环境;con-Zerns:关注、关心;communities:社区、团体。
此处意思是“迁入城市”, move into是正确的搭配。around:围绕、环绕。
这句话的意思是:“受社会财富的分配和差异的驱使,社会变得越来越不公平。”所以用driven,和后面的“by”构成被动语态。pressed:重压;drawn:吸引;pulled:拖、拉。
此处指社会财富的不均。社会财富的正确搭配是“social wealth ”。 situation:情景;treasure:财宝、珍宝;category:分类、范畴。
本句话的意思是:“城市的扩张”,用expand,洽当。invade:入侵、侵略; split:分裂;enlarge:扩大、放大。
表示速度用“at the rate”。 beyond:超过、超越。
在逆城市化的进程中,人们从大城市搬往小城市,4个单词中只有“major” 表示“重要的、大的”意思。essential:基本的、本质的;primitive:原始的、粗糙的;prior和to搭配,表示“在……之前”。
此处是一种“de-urbanization”的发展趋势,trend意思正确。direction:指示、方向; style:风格。
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