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  3. 共用题干 第一篇Unidentified Flying ObjectUnidentified flying Object(UFO)is any obje...

共用题干 第一篇Unidentified Flying ObjectUnidentified flying Object(UFO)is any obje...

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问题 共用题干
第一篇

Unidentified Flying Object

Unidentified flying Object(UFO)is any object or light,reportedly sighted in the sky,that cannot be immediately explained by the observer. Sightings of unusual aerial phenomena date back to ancient times,but UFOs(sometimes called flying saucers)became widely discussed only after the first widely publicized U.S.sighting in 1947.Many thousands of such observations have since been reported worldwide.
At least 90 percent of UFO sightings can be identified as conventional objects,although time consuming investigations are often necessary for such identification.The objects most often be mistaken for UFOs are bright planets and stars,aircraft,birds,balloons,kites,aerial flares,peculiar clouds, meteors（流星）,and satellites. The remaining sightings most likely can be attributed to other mistaken sightings or to inaccurate reporting, tricks, or delusions（妄想）,although to disprove all claims made about UFOs is impossible.
From 1947 to 1969 the US air force investigated UFOs as a possible threat to national security. A total of 12,618 reports was received,of which 701 reports,or 5.6 percent,were listed as unexplained.The air force concluded that"no UFO reported,investigated,and evaluated by the Air Force has ever given any indication of threat to our national security."Since 1969 no agency of the US government has had any active program of UFO investigation.
Some persons, however, believe that UFOs are extraterrestrial（地球外的）spacecraft, even though no scientifically valid evidence supports that belief. The possibility of extraterrestrial civilizations is not the stumbling block（障碍物）;most scientists grant that intelligent life may well exist elsewhere in the universe.A fully convincing UFO photograph of a craft like object has yet to be taken, however, and the scientific method requires that highly speculative（推测性的）explanations should not be adopted unless all of the more ordinary explanations can be ruled out.
UFO enthusiasts persist,however,and some persons even claim to have been captured and taken aboard UFOs.No one has produced scientifically acceptable proof of these claims.Behavioral scientist Car Sagan of Cornel University has proposed that"certain psychological needs are met by belief in superior beings from other worlds."
选项 How does Carl Sagan feel about the UFO enthusiasts?
A:Talking about encounters with visitors from outer space may satisfy them psychologically.
B:They refuse to accept the possibility that UFOs are some conventional objects.
C:They are reluctant to look for scientifically acceptable evidence for their claims.
D:Their curiosity drives them to adopt the highly speculative explanations about UFOs.
答案A
解析由文章第一段得知，在1947年美国的发现之后，不明飞行物引起了广泛的争论，也就是说广泛激起了对不明飞行物的兴趣，所以，选项C为正确答案。
本文提到了许多种物体，它们被误认为是UFO，但不是真正的不明飞行物，因此，选项B错。第二段没有提到人们对不明飞行物的否定性反应，下段才提到，因此C 项不对。同样本段也没有列举出关于不明飞行物的有趣的断言，因此D项不对。所以A项是正确答案。
根据第三段内容可知选项A、B、C的内容均与文章一致，只有D选项与本段最后一句相矛盾。
只要满足了科学方法的要求，假想就会被接受，B项的假设与此一致。
卡尔·萨根的主要观点是，相信有来自外星球的生命满足了他们的一定心理需求。选项B、C都与此观点无关。心理需求不一定就是好奇心，因此选项D也不对。
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