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  3. 共用题干 第一篇The Northern LightsThe sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather...

共用题干 第一篇The Northern LightsThe sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather...

admin2020-12-24  1
问题 共用题干
第一篇
The Northern Lights
The sun is stormy and has its own kind of weather.It is so hot and active that even the Sun's gravity cannot hold its atmosphere in check!Energy flows away from the Sun toward the Earth in a stream of electrified particles that move at speeds around a million miles per hour.These particles are called plasma （等离子体）,and the stream of plasma coming from the Sun is called the solar wind.The more active the Sun,the stronger the solar wind.
The solar wind constantly streams toward the Earth,but don't worry because a protective magnetic field surrounds our planet.The same magnetic field that makes your compass point north also steers the particles from the Sun to the north and south poles.The charged particles become trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth.When a large blast of solar wind crashes into the Earth's magnetic field,the magnetic field first gets squeezed and then the magnetic field lines break and reconnect.The breaking and reconnecting of the magnetic field lines can cause atomic particles called electrons trapped in the belts to fall into tile Earth's atmosphere at the poles.As the electrons fall to the Earth,they collide with gas molecules in the atmosphere,creating flashes of light in the sky.
Each atmospheric gas glows a different color.Oxygen and nitrogen glows red and green arid nitrogen glows violet purple.As these various colors glow and dance in the night sky,they create the Northern Lights and the Southern Lights.
Watching auroras（北极光）is fun and exciting, but normally you can only see them in places far north like Alaska and Canada.The movement of the aurora across the sky is usually slow enough to easily follow with your eyes but they can also pulsate（跳动）,flicker（闪烁）,or even move like waves.During solar maximum,5 auroras are seen as far south as Florida,even Mexico!Auroras often seem to be very close to the ground,but the lowest aurora is still about 100 kilometers above the ground,a distance much higher than clouds are formed or airplanes can fly.A typical aurora band can be thousands of kilometers long,a few hundred kilometers high,but only a few hundred meters thick.
We hope you are able to travel to far north places like the Arctic Circle and see the Northern Lights at least once during your lifetime.We know you will never forget it!
选项 What happens when solar wind comes to the Earth?
A:It is trapped in magnetic belts around the Earth.
B:A protective magnetic field is formed at the same time.
C:It destroys the protective magnetic field surrounding the Earth.
D:It breaks magnetic field lines and does severe damage to the Earth.
答案A
解析本篇文章主要介绍了北极光的形成、运动以及色彩。
根据第一段第三、四句可知，热量在时速约100万英里的带电粒子流中由太阳向地球流动，这些粒子被称为等离子体，源于太阳的等离子体流又被称为太阳风。由此不难推测出，太阳风是能量从太阳向地球高速流动造成的，所以选择C项。
根据第二段第三句可知，带电粒子被困在环绕地球的磁场中，并且根据第一段第三、四句以及第二段第一句可知，这些带电粒子即为太阳风。由此可知，太阳风吹向地球时，会被地球外围的磁场束缚住，所以选择A项。
根据第二段最后一句可知，电子落向地球时与大气中的气体分子碰撞而产生了光芒；根据第三段第一句和第三句可知，碰撞后每种大气分子发出的光芒不同；不同的光芒在天空中闪现，造成了北极光和南极光；根据第二段第五句可知，原子粒子被称为电子。由此推出，北极光是由电子，即原子粒子，与大气中的气体分子碰撞造成的。
根据第四段第二句可知，北极光穿过天空的速度通常足够慢，能够让人看到，但是它们可能也会跳动、闪烁，甚至会像波浪一样。由此可知，北极光移动的速度很慢，能够被人用眼观察，所以选择A项。
最后一段表明，作者希望望人在一生中至少应该去看一次北极光，并且说他知道我们会感到难忘。可见作者对北极光是喜爱的，所以选择D项。
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