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共用题干 第一篇In what may be bad news for bars and pubs,a European research group ...

admin2020-12-24  34
问题 共用题干
第一篇

In what may be bad news for bars and pubs,a European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libations with food.Luigino Dal Maso and his colleagues studied the drinking pattems of 1 ,500 patients from four cancer studies and another 3,500 adults who had never had cancer.
After the researchers accounted for the amount of alcohol consumed,they found that individuals who downed a significant share of their alcohol outside of meals faced at least a 50 to 80 percent risk of cancer in the oral cavity（腔）,pharynx（咽）,and esophagus（食管）,when compared with people who drank only at meals.Consuming alcohol without food also increased by at least 20 percent the likelihood of laryngeal（喉）cancer."Roughly 95 percent of cancers at these four sites traced to smoking or drinking by the study volunteers,"Dal Maso says.The discouraging news,his team reports, is that drinking with meals didn't eliminate cancer risk at any of the sites.
For their new analysis,the European scientists divided people in the study into four groups, based on how many drinks they reported having in an average week.The lowest-intake group includ-ed people who averaged up to 20 drinks a week.The highest group reported downing at least 56 servings of alcohol weekly for an average of eight or more per day.Cancer risks for the mouth and neck sites rose steadily with consumption even for people who reported drinking only with meals.For instance,compared with people in the lowest-consumption group,participants who drank 21 to 34 alcohol servings a week at least doubled their cancer risk for all sites other than the laryngeal cancer. If people in these consumption groups took some of those drinks outside meals,those in the higher consumption group at least quadrupled their risk for oral cavity and esophageal cancers.
People in the highest-consumption group who drank only with meals had 10 times the risk of oral cancer,7 times the risk of pharyngeal cancer,and 16 times the risk of esophageal cancer compared with those who averaged 20 or fewer drinks a week with meals.In contrast,laryngeal cancer risk in the high-intake,with-meals-only group was only triple that in the low-intake consumers who drank with meals.
"Alcohol can inflame tissues.Over time,that inflammation can trigger cancer."Dal Maso says.He suspects that food reduced cancer risk either by partially coating digestive-tract tissues or by scrubbing alcohol off those tissues.He speculates that the reason laryngeal risks were dramatically lower for all study participants traces to the tissue's lower exposure to alcohol.
选项 Approximately how many drinks do the lowest-intake group average per day?
A:3 drinks.       
B:8 drinks.
C:20 drinks.       
D:56 drinks.
答案A
解析文章第一句“In what may be bad news for bars and pubs , a European research group has found that people drinking alcohol outside of meals have a significantly higher risk of cancer in the mouth and neck than do those taking their libations with food.”提供了答案。
第二段的第二句说的是餐外饮酒使得喉癌的概率增加了20%，而不是就餐时饮酒。所以C是正确答案。其他三项文中直接或间接提到。
第三段第二句告诉我们，酒精摄入量最低的一组每星期饮酒量达20杯，因此，大约每天在三杯左右。
文章第四段的第一句和第二句是由in contrast连接的两个句子。 in contrast表达的是句间的反比关系。第一句说明酒精摄入量最大的一组，患其他三种癌友的概率与低酒精摄入量组相比，分别是他们的10倍、7倍和16倍。而第二句告诉我们，相比之下，其患喉癌的概率只是另一组的3倍。因此，B是正确选项。
文章最后一句提供了答案。
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