首页
财务会计
医药卫生
金融经济
考公考编
外语考试
学历提升
职称考试
建筑工程
IT考试
其他
登录
职称考试
共用题干 第二篇DNA FingerprintingDNA is the genetic material found within the cell ...
共用题干 第二篇DNA FingerprintingDNA is the genetic material found within the cell ...
admin
2020-12-24
17
问题
共用题干
第二篇
DNA Fingerprinting
DNA is the genetic material found within the cell nuclei of all living things. In mammals(哺乳动物)
the strands of DNA are grouped into structures called chromosomes(染色体).With the exception of identical
twins,the complete DNA of each individual is unique.
DNA fingerprinting is sometimes called DNA typing. It is a method of identification that compares bits
of DNA.A DAN fingerprint is constructed by first drawing out a DNA sample from body tissue or fluid such
as hair , blood,or saliva(唾液).The sample is then segmented using enzymes(酶),and the segments are
arranged by size.The segments are marked with probes and exposed on X-ray film,where they form a pat-
tern of black bars一the DNA fingerprint.If the DNA fingerprints produced from two different samples match,
the two samples probably came from the same person.
DNA fingerprinting was first developed as an identification technique in 1985.Originally used to detect
the presence of genetic diseases,it soon came to be used in criminal investigations and legal affairs.The first
criminal conviction based on DNA evidence in the United States occurred in 1988.In criminal investiga-
tions,DNA fingerprints derived from evidence collected at the crime scene are compared to the DNA finger-
prints of suspects.Generally,courts have accepted the reliability of DNA testing and admitted DNA test re-
sults into evidence.However,DNA fingerprinting is controversial in a number of areas:the accuracy of the
results,the cost of testing,and the possible misuse of the technique.
The accuracy of DNA fingerprinting has been challenged for several reasons. First,because DNA segments
rather than complete DNA strands are"fingerprinted";a DNA fingerprint may not be unique;large-scale
research to confirm the uniqueness of DNA fingerprinting.test results has not been conducted.In addition,
DNA fingerprinting is often done in private laboratories that may not follow uniform testing standards and
quality controls.Also,since human beings must interpret the test,human error could lead to false results.
DNA fingerprinting is expensive.Suspects who are unable to provide their own DNA to experts may not
be able to successfully defend themselves against charges based on DNA evidence.
Widespread use of DNA testing for identification purposes may lead to the establishment of a DNA
fingerprint database.
选项
It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that DNA fingerprinting________.
A:is costly to the police
B:could be a social issue
C:is the only way to prove innocence
D:has been a profitable business
答案
A
解析
本题是事实细节判断题。文章第一段最后一句话“With the exception of identical twins, the complete DNA of each individual is unique.",意思是:除生物姊妹体外(如完全相同的双胞 胎),每一个人的整条DNA是独一无二的。说明双胞胎的DNA是相同的。故选A。
文章第二段对DNA指纹识别进行了解释,可知DNA指纹识别法有时也称DNA印记 法。它是一种通过对比DNA片段来进行辨认识别的方法。故选D。
由文章第三段前两句话可知DNA技术最初是被用来检测基因疾病的,故选D。
文章倒数第三段讲述了人们质疑DNA指纹识别的三个原因:DNA指纹识别针对的是 DNA片段而不是整个DNA系统; DNA指纹识别是在私人实验室进行的很可能没有遵循相同 的鉴定标准;鉴定结果是人为分析的,人为失误可能会导致鉴定出错。四个选项中A项符合第 三条质疑,故选A。
本题是推理判断题。第五段意思是:DNA指纹颇有价值。如果犯罪嫌疑人不能将自己 的DNA提供给专家,他/她就很可能没有确凿的证据证明自己无罪。由此可以推断出,DNA 指纹对警察破案来说,尤为显得珍贵。故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://ti.zuoweng.com/ti/bR9QKKKQ
相关试题推荐
共用题干 TheFatProblemThatMenFaceItisapleasuretoseemenofacertaina...
共用题干 TheFatProblemThatMenFaceItisapleasuretoseemenofacertaina...
共用题干 AgingThroughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatallliving...
共用题干 AgingThroughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatallliving...
共用题干 AgingThroughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatallliving...
共用题干 AgingThroughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatallliving...
共用题干 AgingThroughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatallliving...
共用题干 AgingThroughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatallliving...
共用题干 AgingThroughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatallliving...
共用题干 AgingThroughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatallliving...
随机试题
信托设立最常见的方式是()。 A、仲裁 B、合同 C、遗嘱 D、诉讼
胃癌已侵犯黏膜下层,并向胃腔突出,高于黏膜表面8cm应属 A.早期隆起型胃癌
固体吸附剂采样管采样后,样品保存要注意 A.两端密封,低温保存,在规定的时间内
47、避雷针的作用是()。
柄上标有黄色色环的金刚砂车针是()
对于感染性休克的休克早期,下列哪一项是不正确的
在建设工程进度调整的系统过程中,确定工期和后续工作的限制条件之后,进行下一步工作
某跨国公司在我国某沿海城市投资建设自动化食用油生产厂,用国际市场上的大豆为原料生
建立价格可比基础不包括的方面是()。
班主任了解和研究学生的要求有哪些?