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  3. Ecosystem 1 The word “ecosystem” is short for ecological （生态的）system. An eco...

Ecosystem 1 The word “ecosystem” is short for ecological （生态的）system. An eco...

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问题 Ecosystem
1 The word “ecosystem” is short for ecological （生态的）system. An ecosystem is where living creatures expand within a given area. You can say that an ecosystem is the natural environment where bio丨ogical organisms （生物）such as plants，animals and humans co-exist in this world. So naturally that includes you and me. Yes，we are all members of an ecosystem!
2 There are different kinds of ecosystems depending on the type of surface or environment. Most are naturally made such as the ocean or lake and the desert or rainforest. Some are man-made or artificial to encourage co-habitation （共居）between living and non-living things in a monitored environment，such as a zoo or garden.
3 Plants make up the biggest group of biological creatures within an ecosystem，and that’s because they are the natural food producers for everyone. Plants raised in the earth need air and collect sunlight to help them grow. When they grow, the plants and its 什uits or flowers eventually become a source of food to animals, microorganisms （微生物）and even humans，of course. Food is then converted to energy for the rest of us to function， and this happens in a never-ending cycle until the living creatures die and break up back in the earth.
4 Ecosystems are the basis of survival for all living things. We depend on plants and animals for food. In order for us to exist，we need to grow and care about other organisms. We also need to care for the non-living things within our environment like our air and water so we can continue living as a population. Since plants，animals and humans are all of various species （物种)，we all play a role in maintaining the ecosystem.
5 To preserve our ecosystems, we should stop using too much energy，which happens when we consume more than our share of resources. Humans should not disturb the natural habitat （栖息地）of plants and animals，and allow them to grow healthily for the cycle to continue. Too many people in a habitat can mean displacement （搬迁）：imagine being thrown out of your lome because there is no more space for everyone. Worse， overpopulation can also ruin the environment and cause destruction of existing plants and animals.

Paragraph 3 .
选项 A. What is an ecosystem?
B. How does an ecosystem work?
C. Why are ecosystems important?
D. What are different types of ecosystems?
E. What can we do to help protect ecosystems?
F. What destroys ecosystems?
答案B
解析本段中，作者在第一句话中介绍了植物是生态系统中最大的生物群，因为它们为每个生物都提供了天然的食物来源。第二、第三句话介绍了植物的生长需要土地、空气和阳光，在它们成长时，它们的花和果也终将成为动物、微生物和人类的食物来源。第四句话介绍了食物又转化为我们活动所需的能量，这是一个永无止境的循环直到生物死亡，被分解回到土地。所以这一段是在介绍生态系统是如何运转的。因此答案为B。
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