首页
财务会计
医药卫生
金融经济
考公考编
外语考试
学历提升
职称考试
建筑工程
IT考试
其他
登录
职称考试
共用题干 第一篇Why Don ' t Babies Talk Like Adults?Over the past half-century,scie...
共用题干 第一篇Why Don ' t Babies Talk Like Adults?Over the past half-century,scie...
admin
2020-12-24
19
问题
共用题干
第一篇
Why Don ' t Babies Talk Like Adults?
Over the past half-century,scientists have settled on two reasonable theories related to babytalk.One
states that a young child's brain needs time to master language,in the same way that it does to master other
abilities such as physical movement. The second theory states that a child's vocabulary level is the key fac-
tor. According to this theory,some key steps have to occur in a logical sequence before sentence formation
occurs.Children's mathematical knowledge develops in the same way.
In 2007,researchers at Harvard University,who were studying the two theories,found a clever way to
test them.More than 20,000 internationally adopted children enter the U.S.each year. Many of them no lon-
ger hear their birth language after they arrive,and they must learn English more or less the same way infants
do一that is,by listening and by trial and error. International adoptees don't take classes or use a dictionary
when they are learning their new tongue and most of them don't have a well-developed first language.All of
these factors make them an ideal population in which to test these competing hypotheses about how language
is learned.
Neuroscientists Jesse Snedeker,Joy Geren and Carissa Shafto studied the language development of 27
children adopted from China between the ages of two and five years.These children began learning English
at an older age than US natives and had more mature brains with which to tackle the task.Even so,just as
with American-born infants,their first English sentences consisted of single words and were largely bereft(缺
乏的)of function words , word endings and verbs. The adoptees then went through the same stages as typical
American-born children,though at a faster clip.The adoptees and native children started combining words in
sentences when their vocabulary reached the same sizes,further suggesting that what matters is not how old
you are or how mature your brain is,but the number of words you know.
This finding一that having more mature brains did not help the adoptees avoid the toddler-talk stage一
suggests that babies speak in babytalk not because they have baby brains,but because they have only just
started learning and need time to gain enough vocabulary to be able to expand their conversations.Before
long,the one-word stage will give way to the two-word stage and so on. Learning how to chat like an adult is
a gradual process.
But this potential answer also raises an even older and more difficult question.Adult immigrants who
learn a second language rarely achieve the same proficiency in a foreign language as the average child raised
as a native speaker. Researchers have long suspected there is a"critical period"for language development,
after which it cannot proceed with full success to fluency.Yet we still do not understand this critical period or
know why it ends.
选项
What is the writer's main purpose in Paragraph 2?
A:To reject the view that adopted children need two languages.
B:To argue that culture affects the way children learn a language.
C:To give reasons why adopted children were used in the study.
D:To justify a particular approach to language learning.
答案
D
解析
本题是推理判断题。第二段意思是:通过把被收养的国际儿童作为实验对象,采取不 同的培训方法来解释儿童语言习得的特殊途径。故选D。
由文章第三段第二句话可知这些儿童开始学习英语时要比美国本土学说话的孩子年龄大。
由文章第三段后半部分可知,与美国本土唯呀学语的儿童相比,被收养的中国儿童的 语言发展在其最初开口所说的单词,学习语言的方法和开始造句的阶段都相同。由该段倒数 第二句话“The adoptees then went through the same stages as typical American-born children, though at a faster clip.”该句中at a faster clip意思是“以更快的速度”。由此可知他们学习语言 的速度比本土的孩子快。故选A。
文章第四段讲述了哈佛大学研究人员的实验结果表明儿童说话时只能使用儿童话语 是因为他们需要时间来获得更多的词汇从而扩展对话形式。而从儿童话语过渡到成人话语形 式是一个渐进的过程。从最后两句话“Before long , the one-word stage will give way to the two-word stage and so on.Learning how to chat like an adult is a gradual process.”可以看出选C。
由文章最后一段倒数第二句话“Researchers have long suspected there is a ' critical period ' for language development , after which it cannot proceed with full success to fluency.”可知 研究者猜想在人的语言发展过程中有一“关键期”,过了这一“关键期”,人的语言发展就不可 能达到流利的程度。故选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://ti.zuoweng.com/ti/e19QKKKQ
相关试题推荐
共用题干 TheCityPlanningInthepast,citiesusuallygrewinadisorderlywaybe...
共用题干 TheCityPlanningInthepast,citiesusuallygrewinadisorderlywaybe...
共用题干 TheCityPlanningInthepast,citiesusuallygrewinadisorderlywaybe...
共用题干 TheCityPlanningInthepast,citiesusuallygrewinadisorderlywaybe...
共用题干 TheCityPlanningInthepast,citiesusuallygrewinadisorderlywaybe...
共用题干 FlyingIntoHistoryWhenyouturnonthetelevisionorreadamagazine,...
共用题干 FlyingIntoHistoryWhenyouturnonthetelevisionorreadamagazine,...
共用题干 第一篇LawrenceCurryWhenItellpeoplemyname,theyalwaysaskmeifI'm...
共用题干 第一篇LawrenceCurryWhenItellpeoplemyname,theyalwaysaskmeifI'm...
共用题干 第一篇LawrenceCurryWhenItellpeoplemyname,theyalwaysaskmeifI'm...
随机试题
(17-21题共用备选答案) A.三酰甘油脂肪酶(HSL) B.肉碱脂酰转移
垂体瘤导致的视野障碍最常见的是()。 A.双鼻侧偏盲 B.双颞侧偏盲 C.
女性,30岁。左腰部受伤后出现腰痛和镜下血尿,生命体征稳定,应考虑
下列属于枸骨叶特征的是
属于低度恶性淋巴瘤的是 A.小无裂细胞型 B.滤泡性小裂细胞型 C.弥
单纯性甲状腺肿最常见的病因是A.桥本甲状腺炎后B.缺碘C.药物性甲状腺功能减退D.先天性缺陷E.碘过多
药材最早的杀虫方法是A.氯化苦熏蒸法B.环氧乙烷熏蒸法C.硫黄熏蒸法D.过氧醋酸熏蒸E.醋酸钠喷洒
有关合同概念的表述中,不正确的是()。A:当受要约人以订立合同的意图接受要约时合同即成立B:合同只可以在双方当事人之间订立C:合同是当事人之间意思表示一致
桥梁灌注桩钻孔施工,最广泛应用于卵石、漂石地质条件下的施工机械是()。A.旋挖钻机B.冲击钻机C.液压循环钻机D.潜水钻机
国有金融、保险企业的存贷、汇兑、转账凭证、保险凭证属于专用发票。