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  3. Learn about Noble Gases (惰性气体) 1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many to...

Learn about Noble Gases (惰性气体) 1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many to...

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问题 Learn about Noble Gases (惰性气体)
1  Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called helium (氦). Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled- Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.
2  People once believed that noble gases couldn’t chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases (惰性气体).They were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence (价)electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.
3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being monatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular (分子的)weight while Radon is the heaviest.
4  Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is "unfilled" or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.
5  Because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets (磁体).These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person’s brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) . MRI allows the doctor to "see" the brain, without operating on the patient.
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选项 A What are noble gases?
B What is the periodic table?
C What causes the low chemical reactivityof noble gases?
D How were noble gases discovered?
E How were noble gases understood in thepast?
F What are the applications of noble gases?
答案A
解析本段开头介绍了noble gases的相同点，紧接着作者又列出了noble gases包括的气体及它们的特性。
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