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  3. 根据下列内容，回答181-185题。 For the first century or so of the Industrial Revolution,...

根据下列内容，回答181-185题。 For the first century or so of the Industrial Revolution,...

admin2020-12-24  54
问题 根据下列内容，回答181-185题。
For the first century or so of the Industrial Revolution, increased productivity led to decreasesin working hours. A generation ago social planners worried about what people would do with all thisnew-found free time. In the US, at least, it seems they need not have bothered.
Although the output per hour of work has more than doubled since 1945, leisure (freetime)seems reserved largely for the unemployed. Those who work full-time spend as much time on thejob as they did at the end of World War II. In fact, working hours have increased noticeably since1970.
There are several reasons for lost leisure. Since 1979,companies have responded toimprovements in the business climate by having employees work overtime rather than by hiringextra personnel. Most increased production doesn't relate to the employment. Some firms are evendownsizing as their profits climb. It's more profitable to ask 40 employees to labor an extra houreach than to hire one more worker to do the same 40-hour job.
Although employees complain about long hours, they, too, have reasons not to trade moneyfor leisure. People who work reduced hours pay a huge price in career terms. It's taken as anegative (负面的 ) signal about their commitment to the firm. Many managers find it difficult tomeasure the contribution of their staff to a firm's well-being, so they use the number of workinghours instead of the output to evaluate the employees. Well aware of this, employees adjust theirbehavior accordingly.
It may take some time before workers can successfully trade increased productivity and moneyfor leisure time. The reality is that the U.S. market for goods has focused on fulltime, two-careerhouseholds. Car makers no longer produce cheap models, and developers do not build the tinybungalows that served the first postwar generation of house seekers.
In a word, in U.S., goods are appropriate only for high incomes and long hours.
What was the result of the industrial revolution?__________
选项 A.Less working time.
B.More unemployment.
C.Fewer factories.
D.More jobs.
答案A
解析文章第一段开头直接说明工业革命导致了工作时间的减少。
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