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  3. 共用题干 第三篇The Gene IndustryMajor companies are already in pursuit of commercia...

共用题干 第三篇The Gene IndustryMajor companies are already in pursuit of commercia...

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问题 共用题干
第三篇

The Gene Industry

Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology.They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls "metal-hungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metal from ocean water".They have already demanded and won the right to patent new life forms.
Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international,and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field.They create images not of oil spills,but of"microbe spills"that could spread disease and destroy entire populations.The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes,however,is only one cause for alarm.Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination.
Should we breed people with cow一with stomachs so they can digest grass and hay,thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain?Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement,for example,creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us?Should we attempt to eliminate "inferior" people and breed a"super-race"?(Hitler tried this,but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories.)Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting?Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate"unfit"babies?Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having,as it were,a"savings bank"full of spare kidney,livers,or hands?
Wild as these notions may sound,every one has its advocates(and opposers)in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application.As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard,state in their book Who Should Play God?,"Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines,automobiles,vaccines,computers and all the other technologies.As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical,a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created."
选项 According to the passage,which of the following would worry the critics the most?
A:The unanticipated explosion of population.
B:The creation of biological solar cells.
C:The accidental spill of oil.
D:The unexpected release of destructive microbes.
答案D
解析第一段第二句，“They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust”，大公司梦想在汽车内放置酶来检测汽车尾气，这样做的目的是为了“adjusting the engine”，所以选B项。
批评家们担心那些大公司“create images not of oil spills, but of ‘microbe spills' that could spread disease...”，并非漏油，而是泄露传染疾病的微生物，因此选项D正确。
选项A、B和C分别在文章中第三段都提到了，即开发“人体器官银行”、创造出士兵和工人和具有特殊消化能力的人类，但没有提到选项D，利用基因预报来治愈疾病。
希特勒试图“eliminate‘inferior' people and breed a‘super-race' , Hitler tried this, but without the genetic weaponry”，由于没有基因武器，他没有做到这一点，我们为此感到庆幸。所以选项C正确。
两位评论家在他们的书中说到“As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical,a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created”，有了新技术就有了新的消费需求，因此选A项。
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