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  3. 共用题干 Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of StrokeAustralian doctors declar...

共用题干 Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of StrokeAustralian doctors declar...

admin2020-12-24  30
问题 共用题干
Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of Stroke
Australian doctors declared Monday that a cocktail of simple antihypertensive drugs can lower the risk of patients suffering a repeat stroke by more than a third.This is the result of their research.The research, presented at a medical conference in Italy over the weekend,has been valued highly as a major breakthrough in stroke prevention.
Strokes kill 5 million people a year,and more than 15 million suffer non-fatal strokes that often leave them with useless limbs,slurred speech and other serious disabilities.One in five stroke survivors goes on to have a second,often fatal,stroke within five years of the first.
An international six-year study of 6,100 patients directed from Sydney University found that by taking two blood pressure-lowering drugs,the risk of secondary strokes can be reduced by up to 40 percent.Even taking one of the commonly available drugs can cut the risk by a third,the study said.The drugs are the diuretic indapamide ( 吲达帕胺）and the ACE inhibitor perindopril , better known by its brand name Cover- syl.The combination was effective even in patients who did not have high blood pressure,the researchers said.They even found that the risk of another stroke could be cut by three quarters among the one-in-ten pa- tients who had suffered a cerebral hemorrhage（出血）, the worst type of stroke , where there is direct bleeding into the brain.
Stephen McMahon,who presented the research at the Milan congress of the European Society of Hypertension,said about 50 million people were alive who had suffered at least one stroke."If most of those patients were able to get access to this treatment,it would result in maybe the avoidance of half a million strokes a year,"the professor told Australia's ABC Radio.
McMahon said doctors had long known that lowering the blood pressure of those with hypertension could help prevent strokes."What we have shown for the first time is that it does not really matter what your blood pressure is;if you have had a stroke,then lowering blood pressure will produce large benefits,to begin with-even for people whose blood pressure is average or below average,"he said.
McMahon said the Milan gathering had heralded the research as a"major breakthrough in the care of patients with strokes-perhaps the biggest step forward that we have made in the last couple of decades."
选项 Taking two blood pressure-lowering drugs may produce______less risk of secondary stroke than taking only one such drug.
A:three quarters
B:nearly four tenths
C:one fifth
D:about one fourteenth
答案D
解析由文章第二段最后一句“One in five stroke survivors goes on to have a second , often fatal,stroke within five years of the first.”可知，中风以后存活的病人中，有1/5的人在第一次中风后5年内会再次中风，而且常常是致命的。故C为正确答案。
由文章第三段的内容可知，服用两种降压药中风复发的危险性可减少40%；单服一种药，其危险性降低1/3，即约33%。可见服用两种药比服用一种药可多减少大约7%，即大约1/14的危险性。
第二段第一句说非致命的中风常造成病人四肢残废、语言含糊不清以及其他严重残疾。B、C、D三项均属于中风的后遗症（D项的面部麻痹属于严重残疾之一），而A项“习惯性失眠”则不应属于中风的后遗症。故A是正确答案。
由文章第四段第二句“‘ If most of those patients were able to get access to this treatment , it would result in maybe the avoidance of half a million strokes a year,’”可知，如果大多数病人有机会进行这样治疗的话，每年就可以避免50万次中风的发生。故B为正确答案。
由文章倒数第二段的内容可知，血压高低并不重要，只要你得了中风，降低血压就有很大益处，即使血压正常或低于正常值也是如此。故D为正确答案。
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