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  3. 共用题干 Energy and Public LandsThe United

共用题干 Energy and Public LandsThe United

shuhaiku2019-12-17  18
问题 共用题干Energy and Public Lands
The United States boasts substantial energy resources. Federal lands provide a good deal of US energy production,the US Department of the Interior manages federal energy leasing （租赁）both on land and on the offshore Outer Continental Shelf Production from these sources amounts to nearly 30 percent of total annual US energy production.
In 2000,32 percent of US oil,35 percent of natural gas,and 37 percent of coal were pro-duced from federal lands,representing 20,000 producing oil and gas leases and 135 producing coal leases. Federal lands are also estimated to contain approximately 68 percent of all undis-covered US oil reserves and 74 percent of undiscovered natural gas.
Revenues from federal oil,gas,and coal leasing provide significant returns to US taxpayers as well as State Government. In 1999,for example,$553 million in oil and gas revenues were paid to the US Treasury,and non-India coal leases accounted for over$304 million in revenues,of which 50 percent were paid to State governments. Public lands also play a critical role in energy delivery. Each year , federal land managers authorize（许可）rights of way for transmission lines , rail systems , pipe-lines,and other facilities related to energy production and use.
Alternative energy production from federal lands falls behind conventional energy pro-duction , though the amount is still significant. For example , federal geothermal（地热）re-sources produce about 7. 5 billion kilowatt-hours（千瓦时）of electricity per year,47 percent of all electricity generated from US geothermal energy. There are 2,960 wind turbines on public lands in California alone,producing electricity for about 300,000 people. Federal hydropower （水电）facilities produce about 17 percent of all hydropower produced in the United States.
Because of the growing US thirst for energy and increasing public unease with depend-ence on foreign off sources,pressure on public lands to meet US energy demand is becoming more intense. Public lands are available for energy development only after they have been evaluated through the land use planning process.If development of energy resources conflicts with management or use of other resources,development restrictions or impact moderation measures may be enforced,or mineral be banned altogether.
选项 What is the main idea of this passage?A: Public lands are one of the main sources of revenues.B: Public lands should be developed to ease energy shortage.C: Public lands play an important role in energy production.D: Public lands store huge energy resources for further development.
答案C
解析题干意为“这篇短文的主旨是什么？公共土地在能源生产方面发挥了重要作用。”短文第一段第二句提到“联邦土地为美国的能源生产提供了大量资源”，下文分别介绍了公共土地提供传统能源和替代能源的情况，故选C。 题干意为“关于美国的公共土地，下列哪一项叙述是真实的？大部分未开发的天然气存储在那里。”短文第二段最后一句提到“据估计，联邦土地中蕴含美国未开发天然气资源的74 %”，故选D。 题干意为“第四段中提到的地热资源，风力涡轮机和水力发电设备作为例子是用来证明 来自公共土地的替代能源资源数量非常大。”短文第四段第一句提到“联邦土地的替代能源生产要落后于传统能源生产，尽管前者的数量也非常巨大”，下文用几个数字表明替代资源的客观数量：地热资源每年生产75亿千瓦时的电力，仅加利福尼亚的公共土地上就有 2960个风力涡轮机等，水电生产占全美国水电生产的17%。故选D。 题干意为“公共土地在满足美国能源需要方面的压力不断增加，因为 美国需要越来越多的能源。”短文第五段第一句提到美国对能源的渴求不断增长，而且公众对于依靠进口资源这种状况感到不安，所以公共土地在满足美国能源需求方面的压力越来越大。故选B。 题干意为“当公共土地通过土地利用规划程序 时它们才可以用于能源开发。”短文最后一段第二句提到“公共土地只有通过了土地利用规划程序才可以用来开发能源”，故选A。
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