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  3. 共用题干 第三篇Liver DiseaseThe liver is the second largest organ in your body. The...

共用题干 第三篇Liver DiseaseThe liver is the second largest organ in your body. The...

admin2020-12-24  17
问题 共用题干
第三篇

Liver Disease

The liver is the second largest organ in your body. The liver performs many jobs in your body. It filters harmful substances from the blood,makes substances that digest food,and changes food into energy.
One out of every 10 Americans is affected by liver disease.Liver disease is one of the top 10 causes of death in the United States.There are more than 100 liver diseases.Viruses cause some of them,like hepatitis A,hepatitis B and hepatitis C.Others can be the result of drugs,poisons or drinking too much alcohol. If the liver forms scar tissue because of an illness,it's called cirrhosis. Cancer can affect the liver. You could also inherit a liver disease such as hemochromatosis.
Liver disease can manifest in many different ways. Characteristic manifestations include jaundice,liver enlargement,portal hypertensionand etc.Sometimes the manifestations of liver disease are not obvious.For example,symptoms may include fatigue,a general feeling of illness,loss of appetite,and mild weight loss. However,people may not notice these symptoms,and these symptoms are also typical of many other diseases.Thus,liver disease can easily be overlooked,particularly in its early stages.
Hepatitis A vaccination is the best way to prevent HAV (hepatitis A virus).Hepatitis B vaccination is the best way to prevent HBV.Other ways to stop the spread of HBV are:not sharing needles;practicing safe sex;not sharing razors,toothbrushes,or other personal items;using only clean needles for tattoos and body piercings.There is no vaccine to prevent HCV.The only way to prevent HCV is to avoid direct contact with infected blood.
Eating a healthy diet and exercising regularly help the liver to work well. Limit the amount of alcohol you drink.When medicines are taken incorrectly,the liver can be harmed.So follow dosing instructions and talk to a doctor or pharmacist about the medicines you are taking. Mixing alcohol and medicines can harm your liver,even if they are not taken at the same time.Toxins can injure liver cells.So limit direct contact with toxins from cleaning and aerosol products,insecticides, chemicals,and additives in cigarettes.Do not smoke.
选项 Which following statement is NOT true according to the passage?
A:Top ten causes of death in the US include liver disease.
B:10%of Americans die of liver disease.
C:Over 100 liver diseases exist.
D:10%of Americans suffer from liver disease.
答案B
解析细节题。第二段第二句：肝病是美国前10大死亡原因之一。这并不说明 10％的美国人死于肝病。A、C、D第二段中都有提到。因此B选项是错误的。
词义推断题。第三段第一句：肝病可以从很多方面显示征兆。即便不清楚这个词的意思，从第二句可以看出manifestation是manifest的名词形式，从第二句的意思也可以看出manifest的意思是“显示”。A选项的意思是“消失”,B选项的意思是“发生”,D选项的意思是“引起”，只有C选项是“显示”的意思。
细节题。第三段第四句：症状可能包括疲乏、总体感觉身体不适、食欲不振和轻度体重下降。A、B、D都有提到，只有C选项“感觉恶心”没有提到。
细节题。第四段第三句：其他预防乙肝病毒扩散的方式包括：······不共享剃须刀、牙刷或其他个人用品。可见B选项是正确的。第四段倒数第二句：目前没有疫苗可以预防丙肝病毒。因此A选项是错误的。最后一段倒数第四句：酒和药物混合服用也会伤害肝脏，即便不是同时服用。因此C选项是错误的。最后一段倒数第二句：尽量减少直接接触有毒素的物质，如杀虫剂。没有说不能使用，因此D选项是错误的。
主旨题。本文意在让人们了解肝病的起因、症状和一些预防措施。A、B、C都过于片面。
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