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共用题干 第一篇irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects a...

admin2020-12-24  1
问题 共用题干
第一篇

irradiating（照射）fruits, vegetable, pork and chicken to kill insects and bacteria has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration over the past decade or so.Irradiation of other meats, such as beef and lamb,is being reviewed.Federal approval dose not require that industry adopt the process,and few food processors presently offer irradiated products.
Market studies have shown that many consumers are afraid that eating irradiated food may cause cancer,despite scientific studies that prove the safety of treated food.Some people argue that more severe government inspection,higher food-safety standards,and more careful food-preparation practices by consumers are all that is needed to ensure that food is safe.Consequently,companies currently see no need to spend millions of dollars outfitting（配备）processing plants with the equipment necessary for a process that very few shoppers are in favor of.
All supermarkets that sell irradiated food must label that food either directly on the packaging or in the case of bulk items like fruits and vegetables by placing a sign nearby. There is no requirement for the labeling of irradiated food served by chain restaurants or hospitals that buy directly from distributors,nor any regulations for products that contain irradiated ingredients.
Presently,the FDA allows food to be treated with three types of radiation一gamma rays,highenergy electrons,and X-rays,and sets limits on doses（辐射量）depending on the type of food. The principle is that the dose to be used for a certain type of food should not exceed the amount that is sufficient to kill most harmful insects and bacteria present in it.Different types of food,because of their different molecular（分子）compositions,may require different doses of radiation.
选项 According to the passage,killing insets and bacteria present in food by irradiating_________.
A:has been completely approved by the FDA
B:is being reviewed by the FDA
C:is not completely approved by the U.S. government
D:has been widely adopted in the U.S.
答案C
解析推理判断题。本题考查对review一词的理解。从文章第一段第一句可知，有些经过辐射处理的食品已被FDA认可；从第二句的being reviewed可知有些食品仍然正在评估中。所以选项A、B、D都太绝对或概括过度，均不正确。
推理判断题。本题考查对复合句的理解。本题解题的关键是找出第二段结尾句中的that引导的定语从句修饰的是process，从该定语从句可推断出消费者对其持不认同的态度。由此可见，选项D是本题的答案。选项A、几C在第二段中都先后有明确提及。
词义推断题。根据上下文，特别是outfit和equipment两个词，可知是为 processing plants配备设备。因此，可推断出processing plants指的是“食品加工厂”。
事实细节题。第三段指出食物在哪些情况下要贴上被辐射过的标签，其中第一句提到在supermarket一定要标明哪些食品被辐射过，但对医院或餐厅出售的食物并无此规定。选项D在文中没有提及。
主旨大意题。第一段提到，FDA认可部分食品可以用辐射方法进行处理，第二段谈到消费者对irradiated food持怀疑态度，同时符合这两条的只有选项C。
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