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  3. 共用题干 AuctionsAuctions are public sales of goods,conducted by an officially a...

共用题干 AuctionsAuctions are public sales of goods,conducted by an officially a...

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问题 共用题干
Auctions

Auctions are public sales of goods,conducted by an officially approved auctioneer. He or she asks the assembled crowd in the auction-room to make offers,or"bids",for the various items on sale.He encourages buyers to bid higher figures,and finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods.This is called"knocking down"the goods,for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table at which he stands.This is often set on a raised platform called a rostrum.
The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction,and the English word comes from the Latin auction,meaning"increase".The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war; these sales were called"sbu hasta",meaning"under the spear",a spear being stuck in the ground as a signal for a crowd to gather. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries goods were often sold "by the candle",a short candle was lit by the auctioneer;and bids could be made while it stayed alight.
An auction is usually advertised beforehand with full particulars of the articles to be sold and where and when they can be viewed by possible buyers.If the advertisement cannot give full details, catalogues are printed,and each group of goods to be sold together,called a"lot",is usually given a number. The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order. He may wait until he registers the fact that certain dealers are in the room and then produce the lots they are likely to be interested in.The auctioneer's services are paid for in the form of a percentage of the price the goods are sold for. The auctioneer therefore has a direct interest in pushing up the bidding as high as possible.
Practically all goods whose qualities vary are sold by auction.Among these are coffee,hides, skins,wool,tea,cocoa,furs,spices,fruit and vegetables and wines.Auction sales are also usual for land and property,antique,furniture,pictures,rare books,old china and similar works of art. The auction rooms at Christie's and Sotheby's in London and New York are world famous.
选项 The end of the bidding is called"knocking down"because the auctioneer bangs the table with a hammer.
A:Right       
B:Wrong       
C:Not mentioned
答案A
解析文章第二段前面提到“The Romans usually sold in this way the spoils taken in war”，他们拍卖过战利品，但是没有详细说明哪些战利品，所以该判断文章没有提到，选C。
第二段的最后一句说到“bids could be made while it stayed alight”。只要蜡烛没有熄灭就仍然可以竞价，即限制出价的时间，所以选A。
该判断正确。第三段第三句提到“The auctioneer need not begin with Lot 1 and continue in numerical order”。不需要按照批次拍卖，拍卖师可以决定拍卖的顺序，所以选A。
该判断错误。第一段的第三句“finally names the highest bidder as the buyer of the goods”。出价最高的买主得到商品，并非最低价，所以选B。
文章最后一段虽然有提到“china”，但是它是小写的单词，意思是“瓷器”，文章其他地方没有涉及中国的拍卖，更无从得知中国什么时候开始有了拍卖行，因此选C。
文章的第一段提到解释了为什么叫“敲定”,"for the bidding ends when the auctioneer bangs a small hammer on a table"，拍卖结束后拍卖师会在桌面敲击一个小锤，以示买卖成交。因此A正确。
第二段的首句“The ancient Romans probably invented sales by auction”，拍卖或许是古罗马人发明的，文章最后一句虽然提到了英国，但只是说到了英国著名的拍卖行，并没有提到英国人发明了拍卖方式。所以选B。
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