首页
财务会计
医药卫生
金融经济
考公考编
外语考试
学历提升
职称考试
建筑工程
IT考试
其他
登录
职称考试
共用题干 Physician-assisted Suicide1.The Supreme Court's decisions on physician...
共用题干 Physician-assisted Suicide1.The Supreme Court's decisions on physician...
admin
2020-12-24
67
问题
共用题干
Physician-assisted Suicide
1.The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications forhow medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.
2.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide,the Court in effect supported the medical principle of"double effect,"a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects一a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen一is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.
3.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high dose of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain,even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.
4.Nancy Dubler,director of Montefiore Medical Center,contends that the principle will shield doctors who until now have very,very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death.
5.George Annas,chair of the health law department at Boston University,maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose,the doctor has done nothingillegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death."It's like surgery,"he says."We don't callthose deaths homicides because the doctors didn't intend to kill their patients,although they risked their death.If you're a physician,you can risk your patient's suicide as long as you don't intend theirsuicide."On another level,many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.
6.Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assisted suicide,the National Academy of Science(NAS)released a two-volume report,Approaching Death:Improving Care atthe End of Life.It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of"ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care.
7. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices(临终关怀医院), to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies,to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care,and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life. Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives trans-late into better care.
选项
George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they prolong________.
A:help the dying end their lives
B:can be prescribed
C:the needless suffering of the patients
D:the helplessness of the patients
E:inadequate treatment of pain
F: prescribe a drug
答案
C
解析
本段的第一句decisions on physician-assisted suicide即是主题句,法庭对医生辅助自杀所做的决定。答案为C。
第二段中间讲到the medical principle of " double effect",医助自杀的双重效应:有益的和有害的两个方面,这也是本段的主要内容,所以选F。
第三段提到了一个实例,借此说明医助自杀带来的双重效果,医生使用高剂量的吗啡控制在帮助晚期病人减轻痛苦的同时,过高的剂量又会导致病人丧命。所以选项 A正确。
本段谈到了该原则对医生的保护,这些医生认为既然药物会加速病人的死亡,他们就不能给病人开足量的药物来减轻他们的痛苦,故选D。
法庭裁定,医生开出的高剂量的镇痛药只要是出于正当的医疗目的就是合法的(for a legitimate medical purpose),可以推断医生能够开处方。所以选择B。
第六段提到了NAS的两卷报告,提到Improving Care at the End of Life(改进临终关怀服务),即under-treatment of pain,可以看出临终服务的问题之一是对病痛医治的不足,故选E。
第六段中间的另外一个问题是the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying"。对于这个l'q题,医生应该受到惩罚,故应选选择C。
第二段第一句指出there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide,即医生帮助病人自杀是违法的,故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://ti.zuoweng.com/ti/ymMQKKKQ
相关试题推荐
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 EconomicReforminChinaMoreUSsinologistshaveexpressedconfidencei...
共用题干 TheJoyofLivingAloneMoreandmoreAmericansarelivingalone.Someli...
随机试题
子宫附件包括 A.阴道+输卵管 B.输卵管+卵巢 C.阴道+卵巢 D.子
缺氧时机体的血流分布的改变为 A.心、脑血流量增加,而皮肤及腹腔内脏的血流量减
某化学反应在任何温度下均可自发进行。下列关于该反应△H和△S的判断正确的是()。
男,25岁,会阴部骑跨伤,会阴部血肿较大,发生尿潴留,血压80/60mmHg,诊
2009年底,某国共有博物馆1458个,其中综合性博物馆769个,历史类博物馆5
主张“王、霸道杂之”并诏令确定“亲亲得相首匿”原则的皇帝是、()
热邪炽盛,症见高热神昏,四肢抽搐,采用的治法是 A.清热熄风 B.镇肝熄风
肝破裂患者,血压10.7/9.4kPa(80/70mmHg)脉搏120次/分,
风湿性心瓣膜病并发感染性心内膜炎时,最支持感染性内心膜炎诊断的是A体温38.5℃B胸痛并有胸膜摩擦音C超声心动图显示有赘生物D白细胞增高E心电图ST
小王想投资银行理财产品计划,但又担心损失本金影响以后的生活,同时也想盈利时与银行分享收益。请问小王该投资()理财计划。A:固定收益B:最低收益C:保本浮动收