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  3. 共用题干 第一篇The Relationship between IQ and Being a VegetarianA Southampton Univ...

共用题干 第一篇The Relationship between IQ and Being a VegetarianA Southampton Univ...

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问题 共用题干
第一篇

The Relationship between IQ and Being a Vegetarian

A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians (素食主义者）by 30 had recor-
ded five IQ points higher on average at the age of]U.Researchers said it could explain why people with a
higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity（肥胖）rates.The
study of 8,179 people was reported in the british Medical Journal.
Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970,366 of the participants said they were vegetarians一
although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.
Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106,compared with 101 for non-vegetarians;while female
vegetarians averaged 104,compared with 99 for non-vegetarians.There was no difference in the IQ scores
between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.
Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class,but it remained
statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.
Vegetarians were more likely to be female,to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or
vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians.However,these differenIces were not reflected in their annual
income,which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.
Lead researcher Catharine Gale said,"The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to
report being vegetarians as adults,together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on
heart health,may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of
coronary heart disease in adult life."
But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said, "It is like the chicken and egg."Do
pcople become vegetarians because they have avery high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be
more aware of health issues?
选项 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A:Vegetarians are more likely to have higher social class than non-vegetarians.
B:Vegetarians are more likely to have higher academic qualifications than non-vegetarians,
C:There are more female non-vegetarians than female vegetarians.
D:Vegetarians are more likely to have higher professional qualifications than non-vegetarians.
答案C
解析根据第一段第一句话“people who were vegetarians by 30 had ricorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10”可知聪明的孩子长大后更有可能成为素食主义者，因此A项正确。 根据第一段第二句“it could explain why...”可知这一结果可帮助解释B项中的现象。但B项并 非这次研究的结果。C、D选项并未在文中提及。因此该题正确答案为A。
根据第二段可知，他们本身就是素食主义者，而并不是二十年后才成为素食主义者。 故A选项表述错误。根据第三段第二句“There was no difference in the IQ scores between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.”可知严格 的素食主义者和那些吃鱼或者鸡的素食主义者的智力没有差别，故B项表述与原文一致。根 据第五段可知素食主义者与非素食主义者的差别井未体现在年收入上，因此C项与D项均表 述错误。据此分析该题正确答案为B。
浏览四个备选项可知该题主要考查素食主义者与非素食主义者的差别。通读全文可 知第五段讨论的正是两者的差别。通读该段，可知A、B、D三个选项与原文表述一致，D选项 中的professional是原文vocational的同义替换。C选项与原文表述不符。因此该题目正确答 案为C。
根据题目中关键词Catharine Gale，可快速定位到第六段。通读该段可知Catharinc Gale 只是客观地讲述研究结果，并没有表示自己的立场。故D项objective（客观的）为正确答案。
文章最后一句的意思是：人们成为素食主义者是因为他们智商高还是因为他们足够聪 明而更注意健康问题？由此可见Dr Frankie Phillip。认为素食和高智商的因果关系尚末明确， 就像弄不清楚是因为有蛋才有鸡，还是因为有鸡才有蛋一样。故C项为该题正确答案。第二篇 本文的主要内容是：要了解大自然知何回应气候变化需要监侧生命周期中的关健事件——开花、长叶、春天的第一阵蛙鸣——在世界范围内。但是数量有限的科学家的足连不可能遍及天下， 为了广泛收集数据以研究动植物随着气候变化会如何反应，科学家正求助于“公民科学家”。
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