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  3. Passage 2 The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for h...

Passage 2 The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for h...

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问题 Passage 2
The Ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras is best known today for his mathematical theorem,which haunts the dreams of many geometry students, but for centuries he was also celebrated as thefather of vegetarianism. A meatless diet was referred to as a "Pythagorean diet" for years, up untilthe modem vegetarian movement began in the mid-1800s.
While Pythagoras was an early proponent of a meatless diet, humans have been vegetarianssince well before recorded history．Most anthropologists agree that early humans would have eaten apredominantly plant-based diet；after all，plants can ’t run away．Additionally，our digestive systemsresemble those of herbivores closer than camivorous animals．Prehistoric man ate meat，of course，but plants formed the basis of his diet．
Pythagoras and his many followers practiced vegetarianism for several reasons，mainly due toreligious and ethical objections．Pythagoras believed all living beings had souls．Animals were noexception，SO meat and fish were banished from his table．Strangely enough，he also banished avegetable that has a place of honor on most vegetarian menus today，the humble bean．His followerswere forbidden to eat or even touch beans，because he thought beans and humans were created fromthe same material．Fava beans were especially bad，as they have hollow steams that could allow thesouls of the dead to travel up from the soil into the growing beans．
While the edict against beans was lifted not long after Pythagoras’death，his followerscontinued to eat a meatless diet．His principles influenced generations of academics and religiousthinkers，and it was a group of these like-minded individuals who founded the Vegetarian Society inEnglish in the mid-1800s．The virtues of temperance，abstinence and self．control were all tied tovegetarian Ideals，while lust，drunkenness and general hooliganism all resulted from a diet too rich inmeat products．Notable early vegetarians included Leo Tolstoy，George Bernard Shaw，MahatmaGandhi and American Bronson Alcott，a Transcendentalist teacher，reformer and the father of“LialeWomen”author Louisa May Alcott．
It wasn’t until the 1960s that vegetarianism moved into mainstream American life and themovement’sgrowth picked up speed in the l 970s when a young graduate student named FrancisMoore Lappe wrote a book called Diet for a Small Planet．In it，she advocated a meatless diet not forethical or moral reasons，but because plant-based foods have much less impact on the environmentthan meat does．Today，many vegetarians refuse meat because of animal rights issues，or concernsover animal treatment，a principle first espoused in Peter Singer’s 1975 work A nimal Liberation．
Which of the following statements fails to be inferred from the passage
选项 A.A meatless diet was supported and practiced by Pythagoras.

B.After his death, Pythagoras' followers continued to eat beans.

C.Pythagoras influenced a lot of people who chose not to eat meat.

D.Pythagoras refused to eat any meat for religious and ethical reasons.
答案B
解析推断题。此题是问：以下哪个选项不能从文章中推断出来A选项“Pythagoras支持并且践行不吃肉”，根据文章第一段可知Pythagoras是素食主义之父，故A项正确；根据第三段可知Pythagoras生前认为豆子和人类一样是有灵魂的，因此禁止他的追随者吃豆子。再根据第四段第一句话“While the edict againstbeans Waslifted not long after Pythagoras’death。his followers continued to eat a meatless diet．”尽管在Pythagoras死后，不吃豆子这一点没有坚持太久，但是他的追随者仍然坚持不吃肉，由此推断不出来B选项；根据第四段第二句可知Pythagoras影响了几代的学者、思想家及个人可知C选项正确：根据第三段第一句可知Pythagoras和他的追随者坚持实践素食主义主要是出于宗教和道德目的，故D项正确。所以该题选B。
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