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  3. 共用题干 Disease,Diagnosis,Treatment and PreventionDisease may be defined as the...

共用题干 Disease,Diagnosis,Treatment and PreventionDisease may be defined as the...

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问题 共用题干
Disease,Diagnosis,Treatment and Prevention
Disease may be defined as the abnormal state in which part or all of the body is not properly adjusted or is not capable of carrying on all its required functions.There are marked variations in the extent of the disease and  in its effect on the person.
In order to treat a disease,the doctor obviously must first determine the nature of the illness-that is, make a diagnosis.A diagnosis is the conclusion drawn from a number of facts put together.The doctor must know the symptoms,which are the changes in body function felt by the patient;and the signs(also called objective symptoms)which the doctor himself can observe.Sometimes a characteristic group of signs(or symptoms)accompanied a given disease.Such a group is called a syndrome.Frequently certain laboratory tests are performed and the results evaluated by the physician in making his diagnosis.
Although nurses do not diagnose,they play an extremely valuable role in this process by observing closely for signs,encouraging the patient to talk about himself and his symptoms,and then reporting this in- formation to the doctor.Once the patient's disorder is known,the doctor prescribes a course of treatment, also referred to as therapy.Many measures in this course of treatment are carried out by the nurse under the physician's orders.
In recent years physicians,nurses and other health workers have taken on increasing responsibilities in prevention.Throughout most of medical history,the physician's aim has been to cure a patient of an existing disease.However,the modern concept of prevention seeks to stop disease before it actually happens-to keep people well through the promotion of health.A vast number of organizations exist for this purpose, ranging from the World Health Organization(WHO)on an international level down to local private and community health programs.A rapidly growing responsibility of the nursing profession is educating individual patients toward the maintenance of total health-physical and mental.
选项 A syndrome refers to a complex of signs and/or symptoms typical of a specific disease.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
答案A
解析由文章第一段第一句的内容可知，疾病的定义是身体的某个部分或全身不能正常调节或不能维持其所应有功能的异常状态。题干的描述与之一致，故选A。
文章第二段第五句中提到了syndrome这个词，前一句的内容是对syndrome的解释，即一种疾病有一组典型的特征或症状，和题干的描述一致，故选A。
由文章第二段最后一句可知，医生在诊断时会经常进行实验室实验以及结果评估。而题干的内容是：医生在任何情况下诊断疾病时辅助诊断手段都是必需的。故本题选B。
由文章第三段第一句可知，护士需要将病人的有关信息报告给医生。最后一句中还提到，护士在实施治疗过程中还要有医生的指示。题干的描述不正确。故本题选B。
由文章第四段第二、三句可知，一直以来，医生致力于治疗已显现的疾病，而现代的预防理论寻求的是防患于未然，通过健康水平的提高来使州门免于疾病。题干的描述正确，故选A。
文章的第四段中提到，为了预防疾病的发生、增进人们的健康，很多卫生组织得以设立，从国际卫生组织到地方的医疗机构，但并未提及世界上每个国家都设立了此类组织。故本题选C。
文章的最后一句中提到了生理健康和心理健康，但此处只提到护理职业在教导病人保持身心的全面健康方面肩负着越来越多的责任，而并未涉及题干表述的内容，故选C。
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