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共用题干 第三篇First Self-contained Heart ImplantedA patient on the brink(边缘)of dea...
共用题干 第三篇First Self-contained Heart ImplantedA patient on the brink(边缘)of dea...
admin
2020-12-24
43
问题
共用题干
第三篇
First Self-contained Heart Implanted
A patient on the brink(边缘)of death has received the world's first self-contained artificial heart-a battery-powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires,tubes sticking out of the chest.
Two surgeons from the University of Louisville implanted the titanium(钛)and plastic pump during a seven-hour operation at Jewish Hospital Monday.The hospital said the patient was"awake and responsive" Tuesday and resting comfortably.It refused to release personal details.
The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation,and doctors said they expected the artificial heart to extend the person's life by only a month.But the device is considered a major step toward improving the patient's quality of life.
The new pump,called AbioCor,is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the 1980s,which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body.The most famous of those mechanical hearts,the Jarvic-7,used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing machine.
"I think it's potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development,"said Dr.David
Faxon,president of the American Heart Association.However,he said the dream of an implantable,perma- nent artificial heart is not yet a reality."This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to be demonstrated."
Only about half of the 4,200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them last year,and most of the rest died.Some doctors,including Robert Higgins,chairman of cardiology at the Medical Col-lege of Virginia in Richmond,said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hearts.
"A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years."he said,"It's going to be hard to replace that with a machine."
选项
It can be inferred from the passage that donor hearts______.
A:will be replaced by self-contained artificial hearts sooner or later
B:are more popular and cheaper than self-contained artificial hearts
C:saved the lives of about 2,100 Americans the year before the report
D:can help patients survive less than 15 years if they are in good transplant
答案
C
解析
本文从全球首例接受独立人工心脏的患者手术事例开始,来引出文章的主题,并对独立人工心脏的构成及价值进行了描述。文章还将独立人工心脏同捐献的心脏器官进行比较,给读者呈现全面客观的信息。
由文章第一段的内容可知,世界首个独立人工心脏是一种自带电池的装置,无需用电缆和导管从胸腔外获取电力,故B项正确。人工心脏是由钛和塑料制成,而非钛和泵,故C项错误。A、D项均不符合题意。
由文章第二段第二句话可知,医院称病人在术后第二天意识清醒,并在安心静养。故选A。
本段第二句话中的“those mechanical hearts”代指前一句话中的“mechanical hearts used in the 1980s",故选B。
由文章第五段最后一句话可知,Dr.David Faxon称这是一种还处在实验阶段的设备,其长期的表现还有待论证,故选B。
由文章第六段第一句话可知,在去年,4 200位等待接受捐赠心脏的美国人中,只有约一半的人得到了心脏捐赠,这和C项意思相符,故选C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://ti.zuoweng.com/ti/2k9QKKKQ
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