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  3. 共用题干 LeukemiaLeukemia is the most common type of cancer kids get,but it is s...

共用题干 LeukemiaLeukemia is the most common type of cancer kids get,but it is s...

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问题 共用题干
Leukemia

Leukemia is the most common type of cancer kids get,but it is still very rare.Leukemia involves the
blood and blood-forming organs,such as the bone marrow.________(46)
A kid with leukemia produces lots of abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow. Usually,white
blood cells fight infection,but the white blood cells in a person with leukemia don't work the way they're
supposed to.________(47)The abnormal white blood cells multiply out of control,filling the bone marrow
and making it hard for enough normal,infection-fighting white blood cells to form.Other blood cells一such as
red blood cells(that carry oxygen in the blood to the body's tissues)and platelets(that allow blood to
clot）一are also crowded out by the white blood cells of leukemia. These cancer cells may also move to other
parts of the body,including the bloodstream,where they continue to multiply and build up.
Although leukemia can make kids sick,most of the time it is treatable,and kids get better. Almost all
leukemia patients are treated with chemotherapy,which means using anti-cancer drug.
________(48)Chemotherapy quickly goes to work,traveling through the blood to the bone marrow.
There,the drugs can attack the cancer cells.After several weeks of chemotherapy,many kids begin to feel
better.
Some children with leukemia will also have to have radiation therapy,too.________(49)If the cancer
isn't getting better from using the usual amounts of chemotherapy and radiation,then a kid with leukemia
will probably need more treatment一with higher doses of chemotherapy and radiation to finally kill the cancer
cells.But this heavy-duty treatment will also harm the normal cells in the kid's bone marrow too,and the
bone marrow will no longer be able to produce normal blood cells.So,doctors will then give a kid一or anyone
else with bone marrow that is no longer working一normal bone marrow tissue from someone else who is
healthy.________(50)
选项 ___________（48）
A:The chemotherapy drugs are given through a catheter,a narrow tube that is inserted into a blood vessel, sometimes in the kid's upper chest.
B:Early symptoms of leukemia are often overlooked,since they may resemble symptoms of the flu or other common diseases.
C:This is a special procedure called a bone marrow transplant,and it helps the patient make new blood cells so they can recover from the leukemia.
D:Bone marrow is the innermost part of some bones where blood cells are first made.
E:They don't protect the person from infections very well.
F: Radiation therapy uses invisible high-energy waves(similar to X-rays)to kill cancerous cells.
答案A
解析在空前一句“Leukemia involves the blood and blood-forming organs, such as the bone mar- row."，意思是白血病涉及到血液和造血器官，如骨髓。提到了bone marrow，那么下一句就应 与bone marrow有关，只有D项是阐述骨髓的句子，故D为正确答案。
此空前一句讲，通常情况下，白细胞会对抗感染，但是白血病病人身上的白细胞却发挥 不了其应当发挥的作用。这意味着它们不能很好地保护病人免受感染的侵袭，故E为正确 答案。
此空前一段涉及化学疗法，即抗癌药物的使用。接下来应首选表达如何使用化疗药物 的句子，故A为正确答案。
此空前一句讲到，有些患白血病的孩子也将接受放射治疗。接下来应选择有关放射治 疗的句子，故F为正确答案。
此段的主要意思是，接受大剂量化疗的白血病患者的骨髓可能会出现问题，不能再正 常地发挥作用。这时，医生就要把一个正常人的骨髓组织移植到他身上。这一医疗措施的名 称及其作用应该是下一句话所表达的内容，故C为正确答案。
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