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  3. 共用题干 第二篇When Our Eyes Serve Our StomachOur senses aren't just delivering a ...

共用题干 第二篇When Our Eyes Serve Our StomachOur senses aren't just delivering a ...

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问题 共用题干
第二篇

When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach

Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what'5 going on in the world;they're affected by
what's going on in our heads.A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than
people who'ye just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what’。going on inside our heads affects our senses.For example,
poorer children think coins are larger than they are,and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter.
Remi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis,France,wanted to investigate how this happens.Does it
happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain's high-level thinking
processes get involved?
Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass（质量）index.On the day of his or her test,each
student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating.Then they were told there
was a delay.Some were told to come back in 10 minutes;others were given an hour to get lunch first.So half
the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen.One by one,80 words flashed on the
screen for about 1/300th of a second each.They flashed at so small a size that the studentsc o111d only con-
sciously perceive - A quarter of the words were food-related.After each word,each person was asked how
bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen一a food-related word like cake or a
neutral（中性的）word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.
Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen,this means that the difference is in per-
ception,not in thinking processes,Radel says.
"This is something great to me.Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive（奋斗）
for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal（处理）of our motives（动机）
and needs,"Radel says.
选项 Radel's experiment discovered that hungry people_______.
A:were more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people
B:were better at identifying neutral words
C:were always thinking of food-related words
D:saw every word more clearly than stomach-full people
答案A
解析A项是第二段第一句话中“.what' s going on inside our heads affects our heads affects our senses.”的同义表述，故选A。
答案的根据可在第二段找到。Radel为了保证42名学生到达实验室时是空腹的，所以 要求他们中午到达。然后告诉他们实验时间推迟了，请一部分学生10分钟后再来，请另外一 部分学生去用午餐，一个小时后再来。Radel用推迟实验的方法造就了两组实验者，即饥饿组 与饱食组。
由第四段中的“They flashed at so small a size that the studcnt, could only consciously per- ceive.（这些字如此小，那些学生只能有意识地注意到。）""Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.（每个字出现的时间如此短暂以至于参与者无法真正地读懂 它。）”可知A项错误，D项正确，因为受试者并非什么也注意不到，只是没时间来读懂这个词， 即没时间思考这个词到底是什么意思。B、C两项文中未提到，故排除。所以选D。
由倒数第二段首句“Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words.”可知答案。
最后一段第二句“Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for.”为选 择C项提供了依据。第三篇 本文讲述了芭蕾舞的起源和发展变化过程，介绍了芭蕾舞为适应时代变化石进行的改变。
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