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共用题干 Albert Einstein,whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel ...

admin2020-12-24  19
问题 共用题干
Albert Einstein,whose theories on space time and matter helped unravel the secrets of the atom and of the universe,was chosen as"Person of the Century"by Time Magazine on Sunday.
A man whose very name is synonymous with scientific genius,Einstein has come to represent more than any other person the flowering of 20th century scientific thought that set the stage for the age of technology.
"The world has changed far more in the past 100 years than in any other century in history. The reason is not political or economic,but technological一technologies that flowed directly from advances in basic science,"wrote theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking in a Time essay explaining Einstein's significance._________(46)
Time chose as runner-up President Franklin Roosevelt to represent the triumph of freedom and democracy over fascism,and Mahatma Gandhi as an icon for a century when civil and human rights became crucial factors in global politics.
"What we saw Franklin Roosevelt embodying the great theme of freedoms fight against totalitarianism,Gandhi personifying the great theme of individuals struggling for their rights,and Einstein being both a great genius and a great symbol of a scientific revolution that brought with it amazing technological advances that helped expand the growth of freedom."said Time Magazine Editor Walter Isaacson.
Einstein was born in Ulm,Germany in 1879._________(47)He was slow to learn to speak and did not do well in elementary school.He could not stomach organized learning and loathed taking exams.
In 1905,however,he was to publish a theory which stands as one of the most intricate examples of human imagination in history._________(48)Everything else一mass,weight,space,even time itself—is a variable.And he offered the world his now-famous equation:energy equals mass times the speed of light squared,E=mc2.
_________(49)"There was less faith in absolutes,not only of time and space but also of truth and morality."
Einstein's famous equation was also the seed that led to the development of atomic energy and weapons.In 1939,six years after he fled European fascism and settled at Princeton University,Einstein,an avowed pacifist,signed a letter to President Roosevelt urging the United States to develop an atomic bomb before Nazi Germany did.________(50)Einstein did not work on the project.
Einstein died in Princeton,New Jersey in 1955.
选项 ________（48）
A:"Indirectly,relativity paved the way for a new relativism in morality,art and politics," isaacson wrote in an essay explaining Time's choices.
B:How he thought of the relativity theory influenced the general public's view about Albert Einstein.
C:"Clearly,no scientist better represents those advances than Albert Einstein."
D:Roosevelt heeded the advice and formed the"Manhattan Project"that secretly developed the first atomic weapon.
E:In his early years,Einstein did not show the promise of what he was to become.
F:In his"Special Theory of Relativity",Einstein described how the only constant in the universe is the speed of light.
答案F
解析本题考查的是对上下文之间意义关系的理解和对文章细节的把握。这篇文章主要是在介绍爱因斯坦，空格位于文章的前半部分（第三段），因此判断在空格处很可能出现总结概述爱因斯坦的影响的句子，而且空格前句中有advances，与选项C中的those advances呼应。因此判断选项C（很明显，没有哪个科学家能比爱因斯坦更好地代表这些科学成就）正确。
本题考查的是对上下文之间意义关系的理解。本段简要介绍爱因斯坦早年的情况。E说：“爱因斯坦在小时候并未显示出日后会成为大科学家的任何天赋。”而紧接的后一句话实际上是对E的详细解释。
本题考查的是对上下文之间意义关系的理解。本段主要介绍爱因斯坦提出的相对论。第一句话告诉我们1905年的时候爱因斯坦发表了一个有史以来最复杂的理论，第三、四句则是具体解释相对论，F说：“在‘特殊相对论’中，爱因斯坦描述了为什么宇宙中唯一恒定的是光速。”由此看来，F放在此处最合适。故答案为F项。
本题考查的是对上下文之间意义关系的理解。借助空格后的句意“人们不太相信绝对的东西，不仅对时间和空间的绝对性提出了质疑，而且对（以往所接受的）真理和道德也提出了质疑。”因此选A。
本题考查的是对上下文之间意义关系的理解。空格后出现了“这个计划”，而选项D中出现的“曼哈顿计划”与之相呼应，因此判断选项D是答案。
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