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  3. 共用题干 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared CitiesA new examination...

共用题干 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared CitiesA new examination...

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问题 共用题干
Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities

A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao. She is a so-
ciologist specializing in climate change and_____________(51) development. She warns that many of the world'5
fast-growing urban areas,especially in developing countries,will likely suffer from the_____________(52)of
changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to_____________(53)emissions of carbon
dioxide and other greenhouse gases. These gases are known to affect the atmosphere.
"Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound_____________ (54) to the growing cities of the
world,"says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."
Cities are_____________(55)sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among
those most severely affected by future climate change.Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-resi-
dents are particularly vulnerable,and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term
____________ (56).
The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater
_____________(57)for natural disasters.Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and pro-
longed hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat_____________(58)
paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more_____________(59)in
an urban environment. For example,a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution,causing
widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may_____________(60)basic facilities such as drinking
water or a dependable network of roads,are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in
poorer countries live in substandard housing_____________(61)access to reliable drinking water,roads and
basic services.
Local governments,therefore,should take measures to_____________(62)their residents."Unfortunately,
they tend to move towards rhetoric_____________(63)meaningful responses,"Romero Lankao writes,"They don't
impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning_____________(64).They don't em-
phasize mass transit and reduce automobile use.In fact,many local governments are taking a hands-off ap-
proach."_____________(65),she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent
the harmful effects of climate change on cities.
选项 _________(56)
A:signs
B:benefits
C:chances
D:planes
答案B
解析由文章第一段的第一句可知，Patricia Romero Lankao是对城市的政策进行的考察，她ft 专业肯定是和城市发展有关的，故选A。
由文章第一段的第二句“She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and urban de velopment.”可知，Patricia Romero Lanka。是研究气候变化和城市发展的专家，因此这里讨论白 应是气候变化带来的影响。单词impact意思为“影响”，故选B。
单词reduce意思为“减少”;increase意思为“增加，增长”;study意思为“研究”;measur 作动词意思为“测量，检测”。根据文章大意，这里指的是一些国家没能降低二氧化碳和其他 温室气体的排放，故选A。
单词threat意思为“威胁”;interest意思为“兴趣”;implication意思为“暗示，牵连” difference意思为“差异，不同”。词组pose threat to...意思为“对……造成威胁”，符合句意，故选A。
根据常识可知，城市是温室气体的主要源头，故本题应选major“主要的”。
本句大意为：Lankao的研究发现强调了城市居民在多方面易受（温室效应的）影响，司 必须制定一些具有即时和长期……的政策进行干预。单词sign意思为“迹象”;benefit意思夕 “益处，好处”;chance意思为“机会”;plan意思为“计划”，根据句意，应选B。
词组place/put…at risk为固定搭配，意思为“使……处于险境”。这里指的是城市的仁 置以及城市稠密的建筑群使得城市人口处于更危险的境况，故选C。
第四段第一句已经提到城市的位置和稠密建筑群使其人口处于更危险的境况，heavilypaved cities指稠密铺设的城市群，符合题意，故选B。
由前文可知，城市更容易受到自然灾害的侵袭，即自然灾害对城市的影响更为严重，澎 选C。
根据常识可知，缺少基础设施的社区抵抗自然灾害的能力更差，故选B。
本句承接上文，继续说明贫困国家的居民居住在条件较差的房子里，没有可靠的饮用 水、道路和基本的服务，故应选B。
本句的大意为：地方政府应该采取措施保护它们的居民。单词identify意思为“确认， 鉴定”;educate意思为“教育”;protect意思为“保护”;evaluate意思为“评估”，故应选C。
由下文的“They don' t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air con- ditioning”可知，这些政府没有采取能够降低温度、调控温度需求的建筑标准，这说明他们实际 上是口惠而实不至，即“move towards rhetoric rather山an meanin脚1 responses"，故选B。
单词need意思为“需求”;waste意思为“浪费”;area意思为“地区、地域”;resources意 思为“资源”。结合句意应选A。
在说明了地方政府的不干预政策之后，Patricia Romero Lankao进行了总结，建议这些政 府改变他们的政策，故选D。
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