首页
财务会计
医药卫生
金融经济
考公考编
外语考试
学历提升
职称考试
建筑工程
IT考试
其他
登录
财务会计
请阅读Passage 2,完成此题。 Passage 2 Until a d
请阅读Passage 2,完成此题。 Passage 2 Until a d
书海库
2019-12-17
110
问题
请阅读Passage 2,完成此题。Passage 2Until a decade or two ago, the centers of many Western cities were emptying while their edges were spreading. This was not for the reasons normally cited. Neither the car nor the motorway caused suburban sprawl, although they sped it up: cities were spreading before either came along.Nor was the flight to the suburbs caused by racism. Whites fled inner-city neighborhoods that were becoming black, but they also fled ones that were not. Planning and zoning rules encouraged sprawl, as did tax breaks for home ownership--but cities spread regardless of these. The real cause was mass affluence. As people grew richer, they demanded more privacy and space. Only a few could afford that in city centers; the rest moved out.The same process is now occurring in the developing world, but much more quickly. The pop-ulation density of metropolitan Beijing has collapsed since 1970, falling from 425 people per hectare to 65. Indian cities are following; Brazil's are ahead. And suburbanization has a long way to run. Beijing is now about as crowded as metropolitan Chicago was at its most closely packed, in the 1920s. Since then Chicago's density has fallen by almost three-quarters.This is welcome. Romantic notions of sociable, high-density living--notions pushed, for the most part, by people who themselves occupy rather spacious residences--ignore the squalor and lack of privacy to be found in Kinshasa, Mumbai or the other crowded cities of the poor world.Many of them are far too dense for dignified living, and need to spread out.The Western suburbs to which so many aspire are healthier than their detractors say. The modern Stepfords are no longer white monocultures, but that is progress. For every Ferguson there are many American suburbs that have quietly become black, Hispanic or Asian, or a blend of every-one. Picaresque accounts of decay overlook the fact that America's suburbs are half as criminal and a little more than half as poor as central cities. Even as urban centers revive, more Americans move from city centre to suburb than go the other way.But the West has also made mistakes, from which the rest of the world can learn. The first lesson is that suburban sprawl imposes costs on everyone. Suburbanites tend to use more roads and consume more carbon than urbanites (though perhaps not as much as distant commuters forced out by green belts). But this damage can be alleviated by a carbon tax, by toll roads and by charging for parking. Many cities in the emerging world have followed the foolish American practice of re-quiring property developers to provide a certain number of parking spaces for every building--something that makes commuting by car much more attractive than it would be otherwise. Scrap-ping them would give public transport a chance.The second is that it is foolish to try to stop the spread of suburbs. Green belts, the most ef-fective method for doing this, push up property prices and encourage long-distance commuting. The cost of housing in London, already astronomical, went up by 19% in the past year, reflecting not just the city's strong economy but also the impossibility of building on its edges. The insistence on big minimum lot sizes in some American suburbs and rural areas has much the same effect. Cities that try to prevent growth through green belts often end up weakening themselves, as Seoul has done.A wiser policy would be to plan for huge expansion. Acquire strips of land for roads and rail-ways, and chunks for parks, before the city sprawls into them. New York's 19th-century governors decided where Central Park was going to go long before the city reached it. New York went on to develop in a way that they could not have imagined, but the park is still there. This is not the state control of the new-town planner--that confident soul who believes he knows where people will want to live and work, and how they will get from one to the other. It is the realism needed to manage the inevitable. A model of living that has broadly worked well in the West is spreading, adapting to local conditions as it goes. We should all look forward to the time when Chinese and Indian teenagers write sulky songs about the appalling dullness of suburbia.Which of the following best reflects the author' s view of suburbanization?查看材料
选项
A.Measures should be taken to prevent the growth of suburbs.B.The expansion of suburban areas should be planned in advance.C.The West had made a few mistakes on its way to suburbanization.D.Planners should be mentally prepared for its negative consequences.
答案
B
解析
根据最后一段的“A wiser policy would be to plan for huge expansion.Acquire strips of land for roads and railways,and chunks for parks,before the city sprawls into them.”可知作者认为对于郊区化,应该提前做好计划.所以B项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://ti.zuoweng.com/ti/dlSlKKKQ
相关试题推荐
请阅读Passage2,完成第小题。 Passage2 Crash.S
请阅读Passage2,完成第小题。 Passage2 Crash.S
请阅读Passage2,完成第小题。 Passage2 Crash.S
请阅读Passagel,完成第小题。 Passage1 Jatender
请阅读Passagel,完成第小题。 Passage1 Jatender
请阅读Passage2。完成第小题。 Passage2 TheWorld
Passage2 Ifthepopulationoftheeart
Passage2 Ifthepopulationoftheeart
Passage2 Ifthepopulationoftheeart
Passage2 Ifthepopulationoftheeart
随机试题
下列各项中,属于国宝文物的有( )。 A、黑瓷塔式罐 B、唐三彩龙头构件
MHC是指 A.移植抗原 B.同种异型抗原 C.主要组织相容性抗原 D.
下列组合,错误的是 A.右心房--右心房突向左前方的部分 B.右心房--上腔
对急性非淋巴细胞性白血病目前常用标准的化疗诱导缓解方案是
“三岁看大,七岁看老”反映出对人产生影响的因素是( )。
《商业银行法》规定,商业银行不得向关系人发放信用贷款;向关系人发放担保贷款的条件不得优于其他借款人同类贷款的条件。这里所指的关系人包括()。A.商业银行的董事
《宪法》在序言中明确规定:“本宪法以法律的形式确认了中国各族人民奋斗的成果,规定了国家的根本制度和根本任务,是国家的根本法,具有最高的法律效力。”同时规定...
不得通过()公开推介具体的定向资产管理业务方案和集合资产管理计划。 Ⅰ.报刊 Ⅱ.电视 Ⅲ.广播 Ⅳ.互联网A、Ⅱ,ⅢB、Ⅰ,Ⅱ,ⅣC、Ⅰ
背景 项目部承建的雨水管道工程管线总长为1000m,采用直径为600mm混凝土管,柔性接口,每50m设检查井一座。管底位于距地表下4m,无地下水,采用挖...
社会消费基金主要包括( )。A.国家管理基金B.非生产性基本建设基金C.社会后备基金D.文教卫生基金E.社会保障基金