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共用题干 Dangers Await Babies with Altitude

恬恬2019-12-17  27
问题 共用题干Dangers Await Babies with Altitude
Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies, a new study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished—many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998 .The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and Santa Cruz.La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3 .65 kilometers above sea level,while Santa Cruz is much lower,at 0 .44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz.“We were very surprised by this result,”says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth.
“This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child,”says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies.This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life.People born in La Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease.And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life.
选项 What does the new study discover?A: Babies born to wealthy families are heavier.B: Women living at high altitude tend to give birth to underweight babies.C: Newborns in cities are lighter than average.D: Low-altitude babies have a high risk of heart disease in later life.
答案B
解析题干问新的研究发现是什么。由第一段第一句“Women who live… tend to give birth to underweight babies. ”可知，一项新的研究发现：居住在高海拔地区的女性易生出体重不足的婴儿，故选B。 由第四段首句“…the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz.”可知，Giussani发现高海拔的La Paz的婴儿平均出生体重比低海拔的Santa Cruz的婴儿平均出生体重低，故选A。 由第四段末句Giussani的话“We were very surprised by this result”可知，研究结果是出乎他们的意料的，故选A。 由第五段“The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth.”可知，研究结果表明，在高海拔地带出生的婴儿出生前就缺氧，这也是造成其出生体重低的原因，故选D。 由最后一段“Low birthweight is a risk factor for coronary heart disease. And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood pressure and strokes in later life”可推断，在高海拔地带出生的婴儿在以后的生活中更容易患心脏病，而且头部相对较大的新生儿在以后的生活中更易患高血压及中风，故选A。
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