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  3. What maxim is flouted in such extreme examples of tautologies as "Boys are b...A

What maxim is flouted in such extreme examples of tautologies as "Boys are b...A

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问题 What maxim is flouted in such extreme examples of tautologies as "Boys are boys", and"Lies are lies"?
选项 A．The maxim of quantity.  
B．The maxim of quality.
C．The maxim of relevance.  
D．The maxim of manner.
答案A
解析考查对交际中合作准则的理解。美国哲学家格莱斯Paul Grice认为．在所有的言语交际活动中，说话人和听话人之间为达到某一个共同的交际目标，都有一种默契，一种双方都立遵守的原则。即合作原则，包括以下四条准则：数量准则、质量准则、关联准则和方式准则。数量准则(The maxim of quantity)：①自己所说的话达到所要求的详尽程度；②不能使自己所说的话比所要求的更详细。质量准则(The maxim ofquality)：①不要说自己认为不真实的话；②不要说自己缺乏足够证据的话。关联准则(The maxim of relevance)：说话要贴切。方式准则(The maxim of manner)：①避免晦涩的词语；②避免歧义；③说话要简要；④说话要有条理。题干问的是“Boys are boys”和“Lies are lies”这两个同义重复的极端例子违反了哪个准则。题干中“男孩是男孩”“谎言是谎言”表达不够详尽，所以违反了数量准则．故选A。
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