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  3. 共用题干 第二篇Ceremonial bathing（仪式性的沐浴）has existed for thousands of years and has...

共用题干 第二篇Ceremonial bathing（仪式性的沐浴）has existed for thousands of years and has...

admin2020-12-24  15
问题 共用题干
第二篇

Ceremonial bathing（仪式性的沐浴）has existed for thousands of years and has many forms, one of which is the sauna. The Finns have perfected the steam bath,or sauna,which may be taken, usually in an enclosed room,by pouring water over hot rocks or as a dry heat bath.The Japanese, Greeks,Turks and Russians as well as Native Americans have forms of the sweat bath in their bathing rituals.Dry heat and steam baths had advocates in ancient Rome and pre-Columbian Americans used sweat lodges.
The earliest saunas were probably underground caves heated by a fire that naturally filled with smoke as chimney making was unknown at that time.A fire kept in a fire-pit would heat the rock walls of the cave.After reaching full heat,the smoke was let out of the cave and the stones would retain heat for several hours.A few people today say that the smoke sauna,"savusauna"is the only true sauna experience and that all saunas should have at least a background odor（气味）or smoke. Today most saunas use electric stoves,although gas and wood-burning stoves are available.
Saunas are relaxing and stress relieving. Those with muscle aches or arthritis（关节炎）may find that the heat relaxes muscles and relieves pain and inflammation（炎症）.Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing. Saunas do not cure the common cold but they may help to alleviate congestion（减轻胸闷感）and speed recovery time. The body's core temperature usually rises 1—2 degrees while in the sauna,thus imitating a slight fever. The sauna could be considered to follow the old saying"feed a cold,starve a fever".The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.
Sauna is good for your skin as the blood flow to the skin increases and sweating occurs.Adults sweat about 2 pounds of water per hour on average in a sauna. A good sweat removes dirt and grime （污垢；尘垢）from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow. The loss in water weight is temporary as the body's physiological mechanisms will quickly restore proper volumes.The cardiovascular system（心血管系统）gets a work out（运动，锻炼）as the heart must pump harder and faster to move blood to the surface for heat exchange.Heart rate may increase from 72 beats per minute on average to 100一150 beats per minute.
A normal heart can handle these stresses but those with heart trouble wishing to begin to use a sauna should seek a doctor's advice. The elderly and those with diabetes（糖尿病）should check with their doctor prior to beginning to take saunas.Pregnant women should not take saunas,particularly in the first three months. Indeed,everyone just starting out should take short sessions（做某事的一段时间）at first to become accustomed to this type of bath.
选项 Who are advised not to take a sauna?
A:Elderly people
B:Pregnant women
C:People with heart trouble
D:All of the above
答案D
解析第一段的第一句告诉我们，ceremonial bathing有多种形式，其中一种是 sauna。所以只有C是正确的答案。
根据文章第二段的第四句，smoke sauna被有些人认为是真正的sauna。句中“a background odor”也是指“烟熏的气味”。
该段最后一句：" The regular use of a sauna may decrease the likelihood of getting a cold in the first place.”第四句："...they may help to...speed recovery time.”第一句： " Saunas are...stress relieving"。据此判断，A、B、C都是桑拿浴可以实现的。第三句：“Asthma patients find that the heat enlarges air passageways of the lung and facilitates breathing.”这不足以说明桑拿有治愈哮喘的作用。因此，应选择D项。
该段第三句："A good sweat removes dirt and grime（污垢；尘垢）from pores and gives the skin a healthy glow.”据此判断A正确。
文章最后一段告诫有几种人不能蒸桑拿浴，其中包括心脏病患者、老人、糖尿病患者、孕妇等。所以D是正确答案。
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