Many countries have, or are in the proce

恬恬2020-05-20  151

问题 Many countries have, or are in the process of creating, their own "Silicon Valley". So far, none has as yet threatened the preeminence of the US prototype. What makes Silicon Valley such a unique entity? There are several crucial factors.First and foremost, it has the largest concentration of brilliant computer professionals and the best supporting services in the world, and easy access to world-class research institutions, like Stanford University, which continually nurtures would-be geniuses which the industry needs in order to move forward. Without these advantages, the Valley would be a different place.Secondly, it actively encourages, or even exalts, risk-taking. Hence, failure holds no terror and there is no stigma attached to a failed effort. On the contrary, they will try even harder next time round. Such never-say-die approach is the sine qua non for the ultimate triumph in entrepreneurship and technological breakthrough.A third decisive factor is the vital role of venture capitalists who willingly support promising start-ups with urgently needed initial capital to get them started. Some would even give failed entrepreneurs a second chance if convinced that a fresh concept might lead to eventual success.

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解析许多国家也有了自己的“硅谷”,或正在着手建设,但至今无一威胁到美国硅谷的领先地位。美国硅谷与众不同,究竟秘诀何在呢?笔者认为有若干至关重要的因素。首先,硅谷有着世界最大最密集的优秀电脑专才群体、最佳的后援服务体系,并紧密联系着斯坦福大学等世界一流的研究机构,而后者正源源不断地培育出电脑业赖以发展的明日天才。若缺少这些有利条件,硅谷的面貌便会大不一样。其次,硅谷大力提倡、甚至鼓吹颂扬冒险精神,因此失败并不可怕,出师不捷者也无人耻笑,反而会重整旗鼓、再接再厉。这种永不言败的风气,是创业成功和技术突破所不可或缺的。第三,创业投资家也起了重大作用,他们乐于支持前途看好的新创企业,投入其急需的创业资本以助其起步。甚至对失败的企业,只要认定其概念新颖,最终有可能成功,有的投资家也会给予第二次机会。
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