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共用题干 第二篇Sleep Lets Brain File MemoriesT

Freeti2019-12-17  9
问题 共用题干第二篇

Sleep Lets Brain File Memories

To sleep.Perchance to file?Findings published online this week by the Proceedings of the National
Academy of Science further support the theory that brain organizes and stows memories formed during the day
while the rest of the body is catching zzz's.
Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and
mice.Specifically,they examined the electrical activity emanating from the somatosensory neocortex(an area
that processes sensory information)and the hippocampus,which is a center for learning and memory.The
scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regions appear to be intertwined.So-called sleep
spindles(bursts of activity from the neocortex)were followed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the
hippocampus known as ripples.The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regions is a key
step in memory consolidation.
A second study,also published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences,links age-associated memory decline to high glucose level.
Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes suffer from increased memory problems.In
the new work,Antonio Convit of New York University School of Medicine and his collaborators studied 30
people whose average age was 69 to investigate whether sugar levels,which tend to increase with age,affect
memory in healthy people as well.The scientists administered recall tests,brain scans and glucose tolerance
tests,which measure how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the body's issues.Subjects with the
poorest memory recollection,the team discovered,also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance.In addition,
their brain scans showed more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects better able to absorb
blood sugar.
"Our study suggests that this impairment may contribute to the memory deficits that occur as people
age,"Convit says."And it raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse
some age-associated problems in cognition."Exercise and weights control can help keep glucose level in
check,so there may be one more reason to go to the gym.
选项 Which of the following statements is the nearest in meaning to the sentence"To sleep.Perchance to file?"A:Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?B:Does brain have memories when one is sleeping?C:Does brain remember files after one falls sleep?D:Does brain work on files in sleep?
答案A
解析由文章第一段内容可知，科学新发现进一步支持了一种理论，即当人体进人睡眠状态 时，大脑对在白天形成的记J忆进行组织和储存。" To sleep.Perchance to file?”由莎士比亚的名句“To sleep: perchance to dream."（睡眠也许要做梦）转化而来，在本句的意思是：睡觉也许要 记忆整理。故选A。 第二段提到科学家分析了老鼠的脑电波，尤其是从躯体感觉新皮层和海马体两个区域 发出的脑电波。该段最后指出，这两个大脑区域的活动是相互作用的；第二段并未提及两者中 的任何一个起到主要作用。 由文章第四段倒数第二句话“Subjects with the poorest memory recollection, the team discovered, also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance.”可知，D项正确。 第四段最后一句中“their brain scans…”中their指上句中的“Subjects with the poorest memory recollection"，所以B项正确。 文章最后一段提到，锻炼身体和体重控制能够限制葡萄糖浓度，因而，去健身房就有了 另外一个原因。 第三篇 本篇文章讲述了体育锻炼对老年II型糖尿病患者的重要作用。
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