首页
财务会计
医药卫生
金融经济
考公考编
外语考试
学历提升
职称考试
建筑工程
IT考试
其他
登录
财务会计
Scientists havelong argued whether hypoc
Scientists havelong argued whether hypoc
Loveyou
2019-12-17
28
问题
Scientists havelong argued whether hypocrisy is driven by emotion or by reason. In other moraljudgments, brain imaging shows, regions involved in feeling, not thinking,rule. The role of emotion in moral judgments has overturned the Enlightenmentnotion that our ethical sense is based on high-minded philosophy and cognition.That brings us to hypocrisy, which is almost ridiculously easy to bring out inpeople.In a new study,psychologist David De Steno instructed 94 people to assign themselves and astranger of two tasks: an easy one or a hard one. Then everyone was asked, howfairly did you act? Next they watched someone else make the assignments, andjudged that person′s ethics. Selflessness was a virtual no-show: 87 Out of 94people opted forth easy task and gave the next guy the difficult one.Hypocrisy, however, showed up with bells on: every single person who made theselfish choice judged his own behavior less strictly--on average,4.5 vs3.1--than that of someone else who grabbed the easy task for himself.The gap suggests howhypocrisy is possible. When we judge our own misbehaviors less harshly, DeSteno said, it may be because "we have this automatic, gut-level instinctto preserve our self-image. In our heart, maybe we′re just not as sensitive toour own immoral behaviors. People have learned that it pays to seem moral sinceit lets you avoid criticism and guilt. But even better is appearing moralwithout having to pay the cost of actually being moral-such as assigningyourself the tough job."To test the role ofcognition in hypocrisy, De Steno had volunteers again assign themselves an easytask and a stranger a difficult one. But before judging the fairness of theiractions, they had to memorize seven numbers. This tactic keeps the brain′sthinking regions too tied up to think much about anything else, and it worked:hypocrisy vanished. People judged their own (selfish) behavior as harshly asthey did others′, strong evidence that moral hypocrisy requires a high-ordercognitive process. When the thinking part of the brain is otherwise engaged,we′re left with gut-level reactions, and we intuitively and equally condemn badbehavior by ourselves as well as others.If our gut knowswhen we have erred and judges our misbehaviors harshly, moral hypocrisy mightnot be as inevitable as if it were the child of emotions and instincts, whichare tougher to change than thinking. "Since it′s a cognitive process, wehave volitional control over it," argues De Steno. The way to changehearts and minds is to focus on the former: appealing to our better angels inthe brain′s emotion areas, and tell circuits that are going through cognitivedistortions to excuse ourselves what we condemn in others to just shut up. According to DeSteno, moral hypocrisy _______________.
选项
A.is inevitableB.can be harnessedby willC.is by instinctivereactionD.is proof theEnlightenment notion
答案
B
解析
细节题。根据最后一段中的“…moral hypocrisy might not be as inevitableas if it were the child of emotions and instincts”可知,伪善并不像情感和直觉的产物那样不可避免,故A和C项说法错误。根据第一段中的“…Therole of emotion in moral judgments has overturned the Enlightenment notionthat…”可知,D项错误。根据最后一段中的“Since it’sa cognitive process,we have volitional control over it”可知,伪善可以通过意志控制,故B项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://ti.zuoweng.com/ti/z7y9KKKQ
相关试题推荐
Scientistshavelongarguedwhetherhypoc
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
随机试题
以下说法不正确的是( )。 A、因手术、放疗等综合治疗所引起消化吸收功能不全
用于桥涵工程的某砂筛分结果如下表所示:回答有关细度模数的计算方法和含义,砂粗细程
()对于目标相当于()对于灯塔 A.信心风帆B.激情桅杆 C.行动航行
腰痛初发急性期,常选用小剂量的下列何药以养血补血,温通血脉
1992-58.2000-56.2006-66.久病自汗、盗汗、病及肺
根据乳腺癌在不同部位发生率的多少,扪诊时最需要注意的是乳房的 A.内上象限
一般来说,学校组织的报告、讲座、集会、比赛、参观、访问、调查等活动都属于课外活动形式的()性。
患者,男性,45岁。患冠心病10年余,间断胸闷1周,1天前于夜间突然被迫坐起,频繁咳嗽,严重气急,咳大量粉红色泡沫痰。 该患者目前首要的护理问题是A.恐惧B
第三产程胎盘剥离征象哪项正确A.子宫底升至脐下,子宫体变硬呈球形B.阴道有少量出血C.子宫轮廓不清,质软D.阴道口外露的脐带长度缩短E.轻压子宫下段时,
投标人的下列()行为中会导致其中标无效。A:投标人相互串通投标或者与招标人串通投标B:中标人将中标项目肢解后分别转让给他人C:投标人或者其他利害关系人捏造事