首页
财务会计
医药卫生
金融经济
考公考编
外语考试
学历提升
职称考试
建筑工程
IT考试
其他
登录
财务会计
Scientists havelong argued whether hypoc
Scientists havelong argued whether hypoc
Loveyou
2019-12-17
42
问题
Scientists havelong argued whether hypocrisy is driven by emotion or by reason. In other moraljudgments, brain imaging shows, regions involved in feeling, not thinking,rule. The role of emotion in moral judgments has overturned the Enlightenmentnotion that our ethical sense is based on high-minded philosophy and cognition.That brings us to hypocrisy, which is almost ridiculously easy to bring out inpeople.In a new study,psychologist David De Steno instructed 94 people to assign themselves and astranger of two tasks: an easy one or a hard one. Then everyone was asked, howfairly did you act? Next they watched someone else make the assignments, andjudged that person′s ethics. Selflessness was a virtual no-show: 87 Out of 94people opted forth easy task and gave the next guy the difficult one.Hypocrisy, however, showed up with bells on: every single person who made theselfish choice judged his own behavior less strictly--on average,4.5 vs3.1--than that of someone else who grabbed the easy task for himself.The gap suggests howhypocrisy is possible. When we judge our own misbehaviors less harshly, DeSteno said, it may be because "we have this automatic, gut-level instinctto preserve our self-image. In our heart, maybe we′re just not as sensitive toour own immoral behaviors. People have learned that it pays to seem moral sinceit lets you avoid criticism and guilt. But even better is appearing moralwithout having to pay the cost of actually being moral-such as assigningyourself the tough job."To test the role ofcognition in hypocrisy, De Steno had volunteers again assign themselves an easytask and a stranger a difficult one. But before judging the fairness of theiractions, they had to memorize seven numbers. This tactic keeps the brain′sthinking regions too tied up to think much about anything else, and it worked:hypocrisy vanished. People judged their own (selfish) behavior as harshly asthey did others′, strong evidence that moral hypocrisy requires a high-ordercognitive process. When the thinking part of the brain is otherwise engaged,we′re left with gut-level reactions, and we intuitively and equally condemn badbehavior by ourselves as well as others.If our gut knowswhen we have erred and judges our misbehaviors harshly, moral hypocrisy mightnot be as inevitable as if it were the child of emotions and instincts, whichare tougher to change than thinking. "Since it′s a cognitive process, wehave volitional control over it," argues De Steno. The way to changehearts and minds is to focus on the former: appealing to our better angels inthe brain′s emotion areas, and tell circuits that are going through cognitivedistortions to excuse ourselves what we condemn in others to just shut up. According to DeSteno, moral hypocrisy _______________.
选项
A.is inevitableB.can be harnessedby willC.is by instinctivereactionD.is proof theEnlightenment notion
答案
B
解析
细节题。根据最后一段中的“…moral hypocrisy might not be as inevitableas if it were the child of emotions and instincts”可知,伪善并不像情感和直觉的产物那样不可避免,故A和C项说法错误。根据第一段中的“…Therole of emotion in moral judgments has overturned the Enlightenment notionthat…”可知,D项错误。根据最后一段中的“Since it’sa cognitive process,we have volitional control over it”可知,伪善可以通过意志控制,故B项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://ti.zuoweng.com/ti/z7y9KKKQ
相关试题推荐
Scientistshavelongarguedwhetherhypoc
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
SometimesIreallydoubtwhethertherei
随机试题
一对齿轮相互啮合的过程中,轮齿所受载荷从零变到最大,然后,又从最大变为脱离时的
当事人交换证据的时限是()。
下列关于资产负债表的表述错误的是( )。
根据《建设工程监理规范》(GB/T50319-2013),施工单位未经批准擅自施
古典数学的开拓者()被后人誉为“科学之父”和希腊数学的鼻祖。 A.毕达哥拉斯
法的执行,是指国家司法机关根据法定职权和法定程序,用法律处理案件的专门活动。()
患者,女,28岁,阑尾切除术后3天,手术切口处疼痛、红肿,体温38°C。 该患者目前的情况属于.A.患者抵抗力太低B.缝线刺激伤口所致C.伤口局部血液
一班主任在班上发起评最坏学生的活动,要评出全班最坏的3个学生。某9岁小男生小李被评为第3个最坏学生,同学们给他列出了16条罪状。那天放学回家,妈妈发现小李...
A施工单位总承包了某煤矿立井井筒工程施工,该井筒设计净直径7.2m,深度710m。施工方案为上部表土层260m采用冻结法施工,320~460m采用地面预注...
根据《职工带薪年休假条例》,下列人员中,可以享受当年休假的有()。A:大学老师董某B:请假累计达15天的林某C:工龄8年,请病假累计达1个月的王某D:工龄