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  3. 根据以下材料，回答 As with spoken language, writtenlanguage is always used for a purp...

根据以下材料，回答 As with spoken language, writtenlanguage is always used for a purp...

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问题 根据以下材料，回答
As with spoken language, writtenlanguage is always used for a purpose. People read a text  11  they think that it will enable them tofind answers to questions that they are interested in answering. People writeto express an  12  or to give information to particularreaders. There are, of course, many different purposes for reading and writingand different purposes will  13  different reading and writing styles.
In general, written language isstructurally more "correct" than spoken language. It has clear wordand sentence  14  and its information is more denselypacked. More is said in  15  words. However, written language alsocontains both structural and contextual redundancy and this can help readers to 16  the text.
Written language is often structurally more 17  than spoken language. This is becausewhen people write they have  18  to think about what they want to writeand are able to  19  to what they have written and revise itas often as they wish. This greater, structural complexity is one factor that maymake a text  20  to understand.
When people read in their first language,they do not usually read every word in the text. Readers  21  their eyes across and down the textstopping at groups of words (fixations) to check for meaning. The speed withwhich people read   22  their purpose for reading and on how  23  a range of possible meanings their brainhas to choose from at every fixation. 24  readers use the structuraland contextual redundancy of the language, their   25  of what they have already read and thegeneral knowledge they already have to 26  what will come next, and so  27  the number of possible choices that thebrain has to consider at any fixation.
Both writers, when choosing how to expresstheir  28  meaning for the audience that they have inmind,  29  readers, when interpreting writers′meaning, rely not only on their linguistic knowledge, but  30  their general knowledge of the context inwhich they are reading and writing. Such knowledge, whether specificallylinguistic or contextual, is stored in the long-text memory.
选项 A.apology  
B.invitation   
C.enthusiasm  
D.intention
答案D
解析考查句意理解和名词辨析。根据句意“人们写东西是为了向特定的读者表达___________或传达信息”可知，intention“目的，意图，意向”，最符合题意，故选D。apology“道歉，抱歉”，invitation“邀请，招待”enthusiasm“热情，热忱”，均不符合题意。
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