1、(本小题可以选用中文或英文解答,如使用英文解答,须全部使用英文,答题正确的,

昕玥2020-05-20  17

问题 1、(本小题可以选用中文或英文解答,如使用英文解答,须全部使用英文,答题正确的,增加5分。)A公司向B公司开出面值200万元的商业汇票,预付货款,B公司将该票据背书转让给C,同时请甲企业和乙企业在票据上注明保证字样,签名盖章,并在票据背书面注明“不得转让”字样。C收到票据后又背书转让给D,在背书转让过程中,C把金额变成300万元,之后D又背书转让给E时,将“背书人签章”与“被背书人名称”两栏的内容填写颠倒了,E未注意又将该票据背书转让给F,F背书转让给G,G向银行提示付款时,银行拒绝支付。要求:根据以上材料并结合规定,分析回答下列问题:1、银行拒绝付款是否正确,若银行付款,是否应承担责任?2、票据金额由200万元变成300万元,本题中哪些当事人需要对300万元承担票据责任,并说明理由。3、若F向G付款后,F向B行使追索权,B可否拒绝承担责任?4、若A以合同撤销为由,认定预付货款行为无效,拒绝付款,理由是否成立?5、以上背书转让过程中,如果均未注明背书日期,是否会影响背书的效力?

选项

答案

解析1,银行拒绝付款正确。根据规定,付款人或代理付款人付款时,必须承担审查义务,包括审查汇票的背书是否连续。D背书转让时,背书人签章和被背书名称两项位置错误,导致背书不连续,故付款人可以拒绝付款。若银行代为付款给当事人造成损失的,应自行承担责任。(2分)【点评】本问考核票据的付款。银行付款时,主要审查两方面:票据权利的真实性、提示付款人身份的真实性。对于票据权利的真实性,银行是形式审查,即审查票据行为的绝对记载事项是否记载、背书是否连续等;银行并不审查各个实质要件是否满足。Thebankrefusedtopaycorrectly.Accordingtotheregulations,whenthepayerortheagentpayerpays,itmustundertakethereviewobligation,includingwhethertheendorsementofthebillofexchangeiscontinuous.WhentheDendorsementistransferred,theendorsementsignatureandthenameoftheendorsedareincorrect,resultingintheendorsementbeingdiscontinuous,sothepayercanrefusetopay.Ifthebankcauseslossestothepartiesonbehalfofthepayment,itshallberesponsibleforit.[Comment]Thisisthepaymentoftheassessmentbill.Whenthebankpays,itmainlyexaminestwoaspects:theauthenticityoftherightofthebillandtheauthenticityoftheidentityofthepayer.Regardingtheauthenticityoftherightofthebill,thebankisaformalexamination,thatis,whethertheabsoluterecordofthebill'sbehaviorisrecorded,whethertheendorsementiscontinuous,etc.;thebankdoesnotexaminewhetherthesubstantiverequirementsaremet.2,C、D、E、F对300万元的金额承担票据责任。根据规定,票据被变造的,签章在前的人对变造前的金额承担责任,签章在后的人对变造后的金额承担责任。本题中C、D、E、F在变造之后签章的,所以C、D、E、F对300万元承担票据责任。(2分)【点评】本问针对变造的法律后果,这个较为简单,就是依据签章在变造前还是变造后来确定责任承担。C,D,E,andFbeartheliabilityofthebillfortheamountofRMB3million.Accordingtotheregulations,ifthebillisaltered,thepersonwhosignedthecontractisresponsiblefortheamountbeforethechange,andthepersonwhosignsthelaterisresponsiblefortheamountafterthechange.Inthisquestion,C,D,E,andFaresignedafterthechange,soC,D,E,andFbeartheresponsibilityforthebillofRMB3million.[Comment]Thisquestionisaimedatthelegalconsequencesofthechange.Thisisrelativelysimple.Itisbasedonthesigningofthesealbeforethechangeorthechangetodeterminetheresponsibility.3,B可以拒绝承担责任。根据规定,背书人在汇票上记载“不得转让”字样,其后手再背书转让的,原背书人对后手的被背书人不承担保证责任。本题中,B背书时记载了“不得转让”字样,其后手背书转让的,B对其直接被背书人C以外的其他一切后手通过背书方式取得汇票的当事人不承担票据责任。(2分)【点评】注意区分“出票人”与“背书人”记载“不得转让”字样的不同法律后果:如果是出票人记载“不得背书”,则收款人不得将票据背书转让,如果背书,则其后的背书都没有票据法上的效力,此时持票人没有票据权利。如果是背书人记载“不得背书”,则收款人进行背书的话,该背书有效,只是原背书人对其直接被背书人以后通过背书方式取得汇票的一切当事人,不负担保责任。但是不影响其他前手的责任;即:除了记载“不得背书”的背书人,持票人可以向其他前手(出票人、承兑人、其他背书人)行使票据权利。Bcanrefusetotakeresponsibility.Accordingtothestipulations,iftheendorserrecordsthewords“nottransferable”onthedraftandthentransferstheendorsement,theoriginalendorserwillnotassumetheguaranteeresponsibilityfortheendorser.Inthisquestion,whenBendorsesthewords"nottransferable",andthesubsequenttransferofthehandwrittenbook,B,thepartywhodirectlyobtainsthedraftbymeansofendorsementbyallotherbackersotherthantheendorserCdoesnotbeartheresponsibilityofthebill.[Comment]Payattentiontodistinguishingthedifferentlegalconsequencesofthewords“nottransferable”recordedby“thedrawer”and“theendorser”:Ifthedrawerrecordsthat“noendorsement”ismade,thepayeemaynottransfertheendorsementoftheinstrument.Iftheendorsementisendorsed,thenthesubsequentendorsementhasnoeffectonthebill,andtheholderhasnorighttothebillatthistime.Iftheendorserrecordsthat“noendorsement”ismade,theendorsementisvalidifthepayeeendorsesit.Onlytheoriginalendorserwillnotbeliableforallthepartieswhoobtainedthedraftbyendorsementafterbeingdirectlyendorsedbytheendorser.However,itdoesnotaffecttheresponsibilityofotherforehands;thatis,inadditiontotheendorserwhorecords“noendorsement”,theholdercanexercisetherighttothebilltootherforehands(thedrawer,theacceptor,andotherendorsers).4,A的理由不成立。根据规定,票据债务人原则上不得以自己与出票人或者与持票人的前手之间的抗辩事由,对抗持票人。(2分)【点评】本问考核抗辩切断制度。例如:甲向乙签发一张商业承兑汇票,承兑人为A公司,后乙将该汇票背书转让给丙公司,丙公司背书给戊公司,戊公司到期向A公司提示付款,A公司拒绝支付,戊公司此时有权向乙行使追索权,如果丙公司欠乙一笔货款尚未支付,那么乙公司不能以丙公司欠其货款为由拒绝戊公司的追索权请求,即不得以自己与持票人(戊)的前手(丙)之间的抗辩事由对抗持票人(戊)。ThereasonforAisnotestablished.Accordingtotheregulations,thedebtorofthebillmustnot,inprinciple,opposetheholderoftheticketwiththedefencebetweenhimselfandthedrawerortheholderoftheticketholder.[Comment]Thisquestionisabouttheexaminationanddefensesystem.Forexample,AsendsacommercialacceptancebilltoB.TheacceptorisCompanyA.AfterB,thebillofexchangeistransferredtoCompanyC.CompanyCendorsesthecompany,andCompanyEpromptspaymenttoCompanyA.CompanyArefusestopay.Atthistime,thecompanyhastherighttoexerciserecoursetoB.IfthecompanyEowesapaymenttothecompanyB,thecompanyBcannotrefusetherequestforrecourseofthecompanyEonthegroundsthatthecompanyEowesitspayment,thatis,itmustnotThedefensebetweenthepredecessor(C)ofthebillholder(E)isagainsttheholder(E).5,背书效力不受影响。根据规定,背书日期为相对应记载事项,记载与否,不影响背书效力。未记载背书日期的视为到期日背书。(2分)【点评】本问针对背书的记载事项。背书的绝对记载事项包括背书人签章与被背书人名称。而背书日期是相对记载事项。Theeffectivenessofendorsementisnotaffected.Accordingtotheregulations,theendorsementdateisacorrespondingrecord,andwhetheritisrecordedornotdoesnotaffecttheeffectivenessoftheendorsement.Theendorsementdateoftheendorsementdateisnotrecorded.[Comment]Thisquestionisabouttheendorsementofthebook.Theabsoluterecordofendorsementincludestheendorsementsignatureandthenameoftheendorser.Theendorsementdateisarelativerecord.【该题针对“票据变造的法律后果”知识点进行考核】
转载请注明原文地址:https://ti.zuoweng.com/ti/iTYpKKKQ