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  3. 共用题干 第三篇Hurricane（飓风）KatrinaA hurricane is a fiercely powerful , rotating（旋转...

共用题干 第三篇Hurricane（飓风）KatrinaA hurricane is a fiercely powerful , rotating（旋转...

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问题 共用题干
第三篇

Hurricane（飓风）Katrina

A hurricane is a fiercely powerful , rotating（旋转的）form of tropical storm that can be 124 to 1,240 miles in diameter. The term hurricane is derived from Hurican,the name of a native American storm god.Hurricanes are typical of a calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter,known as the eye.They occur in tropical regions.Over its lifetime,one of these can release as much energy as 10,000 nuclear bombs.
The seed for hurricane formation is a cluster（聚集）of thunderstorm over warm tropical waters. Hurricanes can only form and be fed when the sea一surface temperature exceeds 27℃and the surrounding atmosphere is calm. These requirements are met between June and November in the northern part of the world.
Under these conditions, large quantities of water evaporate (蒸发）and condense（冷凝）into clouds and rain一releasing heat in the process.It is this heat energy,combined with the rotation of the Earth,that drives a hurricane.
When the warm column of air from the sea surface first begins to rise,it causes an area of low pressure.This in turn creates wind as air is drawn into the area. This spinning wind drags up more moist air from the sea surface in a process that strengthens the storm. Cold air falls back to the ocean surface through the eye and on the outside of the storm.
Initially,when wind speeds reach 23 miles per hour,these mild,wet and grey weather systems are known as depressions,or low air pressure.Hurricane Katrina formed in this way over the south-eastern Bahamas on 23 August 2005.Katrina has had a devastating impact on the Gulf Coast of the U.S.,leaving a disaster zone of 90,000 square miles in its wake（尾迹）—almost the size of the U.K.Thousands have been killed or injured and more than half a million people have become homeless in a humanitarian（人道主义的）crisis of a scale not seen in the U. S. since the Great Depression.The cost of the damage may top$100 billion.
选项 Which of the following is NOT a"requirement"for the formation of a hurricane?
A:Calm surrounding atmosphere.
B:High air pressure.
C:Warm sea-surface temperature.
D:A group of thunderstorms over warm tropical waters.
答案B
解析文章的第一段第三句描述了咫风的特点，即一个直径为12英里～60英里的、平静的低气压中心地带，这个中心就叫做eye of a hurricane。
第二段的第一、二句描写咫风的形成原因，最后一句中的These requirements即是第一、二句中所述内容包括A、C、D。所以A、C和D都不是正确选项。
由第四段第一句话可知A为正确答案。
选项A function：功能、运行；选项B pressure：压力、压迫；选项C disaster: 灾难、灾祸；选项D effect：影响、效果。根据第五段中，第三句及第四句所描述的卡特里娜咫风所造成的损失可知本题正确选项为D项。
选项A、B、 C的内容均在课文最后一段中被提到。文中“…in a humanitarian crisis of a scale not seen in the U.S.since the great depression.”的大致意思是：如此大规模的人道主义危机是美国自大萧条以来还未经历过的。D项不符合这句话的意思，所以是正确选项。
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